20 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



Symptoms. — The muzzle is di^ and the saliva dribbles from the 

 coi-ners of the mouth; the animal either does not swallow or swallows 

 with difficulty, and holds its neck in a stiff, strai«;ht position, moving 

 it as little as possible. The eyelids are half closed, the white of the 

 eye is bloodshot, and the animal occasionally grinds its teeth. After 

 masticating the food the animal drops it out of its mouth as if to 

 avoid the pain of swallowing, and also evinces pain when pressure is 

 applied on the pharynx externally and tries to prevent such pressure 

 being applied. 



Causes. — Pharyngitis may be produced by a sudden cooling of the, 

 surface of the body, as when cattle are exposed to a cold wind or a 

 cold rain ; or by swallowing irritant substances. 



Treatmerd. — The throat should be syringed three times a day with 

 an ounce of the following solution: Nitrate of silver, 1^ drams; dis- 

 tilled water, 1 pint. Bland and soothing drinks, such as linseed tea 

 or oatmeal and water, should occasionally be offered. Diet should 

 consist of soft food, such as bran mashes Avith a little linseed meal 

 mixed in them. Dry hay and fodder should be avoided. Fresh 

 green grass or sound ensilage may be fed in small quantities. The 

 upper part of the throat and the space between the jaws should be 

 well nibbed once a day with the following liniment: Liquor am- 

 monia fortior, 4 ounces; oil of turpentine, 4 ounces; olive oil, 4 

 ounces; mix. When evidence of blistering appears the application 

 of the liniment should be stopped and the skin anointed with vase- 

 lin. Under the above treatment the inflammation of the throat will 

 gradually subside and the animal will be able to swallow as usual in 

 five or six days. We need hardly say that during its treatment the 

 sick animal should be kept in a comfortable stable. 



Inflammation of the parotid gland may arise from the inflamma- 

 tion extending to it when an ox is affected with pharyngitis or laryn- 

 gitis, or the inflammation may commence in the salivary ducts and 

 may depend on some influence the nature of which is unknown. 

 Parotitis sometimes arises from a blow or contusion which is severe 

 enough to set up inflammation in the structure of the gland. Tuber- 

 culosis and actinomycosis may infrequently be characterized by the 

 lodgment of their parasitic causes in the parotid glands, in which 

 case parotitis may be a symptom of either of these diseases. 



Symptoms. — There is an elongated j^ainful swelling, beginning at 

 the base of the ear and passing downward along the posterior margin 

 of the lower jaw. The swelling is sometimes limited to one side, and 

 when both sides are swollen it is generally larger on one side than on 

 the other. The secretion of saliva is increased, the appetite is poor, 

 the neck is stiff, so that it is painful to raise the head, and food is 



