202 DISEASES OP CATTLE. 



resulting position will be a natural posterior presentation, with the 

 back of the calf turned toward the rump of the cow. Similarly with 

 the croup turned upward and forward, that should be pushed on for- 

 ward, and if the fore feet and head can be secured it will be a natural 

 anterior presentation, with the back of the calf turned upward toward 

 the rump of the cow. 



The womb should be injected with warm water or oil, and the turn- 

 ing of the calf will demand the combined action of the repeller and 

 the hand, but in all such cases the operator has an advantage that the 

 body of the fetus is wholly within the body of the womb, and there- 

 fore movable with comparative ease. No part is wedged into the 

 pelvic passages as a complication. The general principles are the 

 same as in faulty presentation fore and hind, and no time should be 

 lost in making the manipulations necessary to bring the feet into the 

 pelvis, lest they get in bent or otherwise displaced and add unneces- 

 sary complications. 



With a transverse direction of the calf, the head being turned to 

 one side, the pressure must be directed laterally, so that the body will 

 glide around on one side of the womb, and the extremities when 

 reached must be promptly seized and brought into the passages. 

 Sometimes a fortunate struggle of a live fetus will greatly aid in rec- 

 tifying the position. 



BREAST AND ABDOMEN PRESENTED ALL. FOUR FEET IN THE PASSAGES. 



In this form the calf lies across the womb with its roached-back 

 turned forward and its belly toward the pelvis. All four feet may be 

 extended and engaged in the passages, or one or more may be bent 

 on themselves so as to lie in front of the pelvis. The head, too, may 

 usually be felt on the right side or the left, and if detected it serves 

 to identify^ the exact position of the fetus. Tlie position may further 

 be decided upon by examination of the feet and limbs. With the 

 limbs extended the front of the hoofs and the convex aspect of the 

 bent pasterns and fetlocks will look toward that flank in which lie the 

 head and shoulders. On examination still higher the smooth, even 

 outline of the knee and its bend, looking toward the hind parts, char- 

 acterize the fore limb, while the sharp prominence of the point of the 

 hock and the bend on the opposite side of the joint, looking toward 

 the head, indicate the hind limb. (PI. XVII, fig. 5.) 



The remedy for this condition is to be sought in repelling into the 

 womb those limbs that are least eligible for extraction, and bringing 

 into the passages the most eligible extremities. The most eligible will 

 usually be those which project farthest into the passages, indicating 

 the nearer proximity of that end of the calf. An exception may, 

 however, be made in favor of that extremity which will give the most 



