DISEASES OF THE GENERATIVE OEGAXS. 207 



eyes back, and on reaching the poll to cut through the ligament and 

 then bring the head away by pulling. 



If it is decided to remove the entire head at once, it may be skinned 

 from the front of the eyes back to behind the lower jaw below and 

 the poll above, then cut through the muscles and ligaments around 

 the first joint and pull the head away, assisting, if need be, in the 

 separation of the head by using the knife on the ligament of the 

 joint. 



If the calf is a double-headed monster, the skinning of the head 

 must be carried backward until the point has been reached where 

 both heads branch from the single neck, and the separation must be 

 made at that point. The muscles and ligaments are first to be cut 

 through; and if the part can not then be detached by pulling, the 

 bodies of the vertebrae may be separated by passing the knife through 

 the joint. The second head may now be secured by a noose around 

 the lower jaw or hooks in the orbits and brought up into place, the 

 body being pushed back toward the other side by a repeller, so as to 

 make room. 



It should be added that, excepting in the case of a double-headed 

 monster, or in case of the head protruding or nearly so, and one or 

 both fore limbs presenting, it is rai-ely desirable to undertake ampu- 

 tation of the head. The space desirable in the passages can usually 

 be secured by the much simpler and easier procedure of removing 

 one or both fore limbs. 



AMPUTATION OF THE HIND LIMBS. 



This is sometimes demanded on the one extended limb when the 

 other can not be brought up and delivery can not be effected ; also in 

 case of monsters having extra hind limbs; in cases where the calf is 

 dead, putrid, and bloated with gas, and in some cases of breech pre- 

 sentation, as described under that head. 



When the limb is extended the guiding principles are as in the case 

 of the fore limbs. The skin is cut through circularly above the fet- 

 lock and slit up to beneath the pelvic bones on the inner side of the 

 thigh. It is then dissected from the other parts as high as it has been 

 slit on the inner side and to above the prominence {trochanter major) 

 on the upper end of the thigh bone on the outer side of the joint. In 

 this procedure the hands and spud can do much, but owing to the 

 firmer connections the knife will be more frequently required than in 

 the case of the fore limb. The muscles are now cut through all 

 around the hip joint, and strong traction is made by two or three men 

 on the limb. If there is still too much resistance, a knife is inserted 

 into the joint on the inner side and its round ligament cut through, 

 after which extraction will be comparatively easy. This accom- 



