220 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



of the udder. These descending ropes are carried forward on the 

 sides of the body and tied to the surcingle and to the neck collar. 

 The ascending ropes proceed forward on the middle of the back, 

 twisting over each other, and are tied to the surcingle and collar. 

 The upper and lower ropes are drawn so tightly that the rope ring 

 is made to press firmly all around the vulva without risk of displace- 

 ment. This should be worn for several days, until the womb shall 

 have closed and all risk of further eversion is at an end. Variations 

 of this device are found in the use of a narrow triangle of iron ap- 

 plied around the vulva and fixed by a similar arrangement of ropes, 

 surcingle, and collar (PI. XXIII, fig. 3), a common crupper simi- 

 larly held around the vulva (PI. XXII, fig. 1), stitches through the 

 vulva, and wire inserted through the skin on the two hips (PI. 

 XXIII, fig. 2), so that they will cross behind the vulva; also pes- 

 saries of various kinds inserted in the vagina. None of these, how- 

 ever, presents any advantage over the simple and comparatively 

 painless rope truss described above. Such additional precautions as 

 keeping the cow in a stall higher behind than in front, and seeing 

 that the diet is slightly laxative and nonstimulating may be named. 

 If straining is persistent, ounce doses of laudanum may be employed 

 twice a day, and the same may be injected into the vagina. 



If the womb has been cut off. injections of a solution of a tcaspoon- 

 ful of carbolic acid in a quart of water should be employed daily, or 

 more frequently, until the discharge ceases. 



EVERSION OF THE BLADDER. 



A genuine eversion of the bladder is almost unknown in the cow, 

 owing to the extreme narrowness of its mouth. The protrusion of 

 the bladder, however, through a laceration in the floor of the vagina 

 sustained in calving, and its subsequent protrusion through the 

 vulva, is sometimes met with. In this case the protruding bladder 

 contains urine, which can never be the case in a real eversion, in 

 which the inner surface of the bladder and the openings of the 

 ureters are both exposed outside the vulva. The presence of a bag 

 containing water, which is connected with the floor of the vagina, 

 will serve to identify this condition. If the position of the bladder 

 in the vulva renders it impracticable to pass a catheter to draw off 

 the urine, pierce the organ with the nozzle of a hypodermic syringe, 

 or even a very small trocar and cannula, and draw off the water, when 

 it will be found an easy matter to return the bladder to its place. 

 The rent in the vagina can be stitched up, but as there would be risk 

 in any subsequent calving it is best to prepare the cow for the 

 butcher. 



