SURGICAL OPERATIONS. 



DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 



Plate XXVI : 



Fig. 1. RenfiTs method of throwing, or custing, the ox. From Fleming's 

 Operative Veterinary Surgery. 



Fig. 2. Miles's method of throwing, or casting, the ox. From Fleming's 

 Oi:»erative Veterinary Surgery. 

 Plate XXVII : 



Fig. 1 a front and fig. 1 b side view of a simple tracheotomy tube. After 

 Armatage, from Hill's Bovine Medicine and Surgery. This tube is 

 inserted in the trachea, or windpipe, in cases of threatened suffoca- 

 tion from obstructions in the upper portion of the air passage. 



Fig. 2 shows the tracheotomy tube applied and held in position by straps 

 around the neck. After Armatage, from Hill's Bovine Medicine and 

 Surgery. 



Fig. 3 represents an ordinary fleam with blades of different sizes. 



Fig. 4. Cow prepared for bleeding. A cord is tied firmly about the lower 

 portion of the neck, causing the jugular vein to become distended 

 with blood and swell out. 

 Plate XXVIII : 



Figs. 1 and 2. Seton needles. These may be either long or short, straight 

 or curved, according' to the locality in which a seton is to be inserted. 



Fig. 3. Various forms of surgical needles. 



Fig. 4. Suture forceps or needle holder, for passing needles through thick 

 and dense tissues. 



Fig. 5. Knot properly tied. 



Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Various forms of sutures. Fig. 6, interrupted suture ; 7, 

 quilled suture; 8, uninterrupted suture; 9, twisted suture, made by 

 passing suture pins through the parts to be held together and winding 

 the thread about them so as to represent the figure 8; 10, single-pin 

 suture. 



Fig. 11. Appliance for ringing the bull, one-fourth natural size. 



Fig. 12. Nose clamp, with spring and keeper. 



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