TUMORS AFFECTING CATTLE. 323 



the windpipe. In cattle the two thyroid glands are close together, 

 and when the disease affects both there may be but one uniform swell- 

 ing placed in front of the windpipe below the angle of the jaw. This 

 swelling may be hard, soft, or doughy in consistence, and it may pul- 

 sate like an artery with each beat of the heart. It may cause labored 

 breathing by pressure on the windpipe, and death may result from 

 pressure on this structure, on the gullet, or on the adjoining large 

 vessels. 



Treatment. — In young animals the treatment is usually satisfactory, 

 and consists in giving the animal a complete change of food and 

 plenty of exercise in the open air. If the condition appears enzootic 

 in the district, remove the animal to another location when possible, 

 lodin should be applied to the swelling, either in the form of oint- 

 ment or the tincture. Injections of iodin solution, 5 grains of iodin 

 in 1 dram of 25 per cent alcohol, may also be made into the substance 

 of the gland. When the swelling which follows this injection has 

 subsided it may be repeated. Potassium iodid should be given 

 internally in 1 J-dram dosas twice daily for a cow, or in 20-grain doses 

 twice a day for a calf. Extirpation of all but a small section of the 

 swelling may be accomplished by a qualified veterinarian with good 

 results; but if it should be entirely removed, myxedema and death 

 follow. 



Fibromas are tumors made up chiefly of connective tissue and are 

 usually confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Indurative 

 fibromas of the skin appear as tumors of gelatinous connective tissue 

 or as firm white vascular connective tissue growths, which are more or 

 less sharply outlined, move readily over the underlying tissues in 

 company with the skin, and owe their origin to mechanical injuries, 

 perforating wounds, repeated abrasions, or the invasion of pus cocci 

 or botryomyces into the tissues. 



These tumors in cattle are frequently found upon the dewlap as 

 solid lumps, hard as stone to the touch, lying loosely between the 

 layers of skin, and gradually losing themselves in the softer tissues of 

 the neck above, or as smooth, hard tumors of glistening white sub- 

 stance with interlacing lines of softer tissue. They may also be 

 found located in the region of the knee or at the elbow. The skin 

 over the growths, in accordance with the originating cause, will be 

 found chafed, covered with scabs, or even ulcerated and accompanied 

 by collateral edema. 



These connective tissue tumors grow slowly, but reach enormous 

 size. They sometimes follow injuries to the region of the throat, and 

 form there as hard, firm growths, even reaching the size of a child's 

 head. 



