324 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



A fibroma located upon the laiynx is not an infrequent occurrence 

 in the ox. These tumors are always sharply outlined and have a 

 roughened surface. They may be differentiated from actinomycotic 

 tumors (see chapter on " Infectious diseases of cattle," p. 371) in the 

 same location by their firm fibrous structure and by the absence of pus 

 from the interior. 



A tumor is sometimes met upon the muzzle of cattle, which assumes 

 a diameter equaling the width of the muzzle. It is a voluminous con- 

 nective tissue formation known by the name of " fibroma diffusum." 



Another form is sometimes observed upon the tongue. It grows 

 upon a broad, spreading base, becoming very hard. It is almost 

 lacking in blood vessels, although the few that are present are plainly 

 in view, and in consequence is poorly supplied with fluids. It is of 

 a smooth contour, white or whitish yellow in color, is sharply limited 

 from the nonnal substance of the tongue, may be covered with 

 mucous membrane, on which prominent papillae are located, or only 

 by a thin, delicate layer of epithelium, and is usually found in the 

 middle part of the tongue, where it may reach the size of two. fists. 



Pedimculate, or stemmed, fibrous tumors are frequently noticed 

 growing upon or near the extremity of the tails of cows. These are 

 apparently of traumatic origin, such as tying the tail fast while milk- 

 ing, or shaving it too closely while trimming the animal for show pur- 

 poses, and usually contain bloody or gelatinous material within, or, 

 again, they may be strongly edematous throughout. 



Treatment. — The treatment of large fibromas is surgical, and con- 

 sists of the operative removal of the tumor, followed by suturing of 

 the wound. Small external tumors may be painted with zinc chlo- 

 rid, chromic acid, or a concentrated solution of bichlorid of mercury. 



PAPILLOMA (wart). 



Whf&n fibromas develop from the lining or covering tissues they 

 frequently form papillary growths, more or less thickly covered 

 with epithelium, and are then called papillomas, or warts. 



Papillomas consist of villous-like projections, resulting from a 

 proliferation of the outer layer (epithelium) of the skin or mucous 

 membrane. These growths are also called " angle berries," and 

 may assume a variety of forms. Sometimes there is a preponder- 

 ance of epidermis in the formation, and the tumor then appears 

 as a hard, dense, insensitive, club-like growth, or wart. Again 

 the swelling is chiefly located in the derm, or true skin, and we 

 have what is known as a flesh wart (verucca carnea). In other 

 cases the growth of papillar bodies projects in great cauliflower-like 

 tumors with deeply furrowed and lobulated surface, over which a 

 covering of epidermis may or may not be present. These are usually 



