364 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



mild astringent and cooling washes, such as acetate or sulphate of 

 zinc, 5 grains to the ounce of water. \Mien there is extreme suffer- 

 ing from pain a 5 per cent solution of atropia or morphia, 5 grains 

 to the ounce of water, may be dropped into the eye, alternating with 

 the cooling wash several times a day. When abscesses form within 

 the orbit a free opening must be maintained for the discharge of 

 pus. In deep penetrating wounds of the eye there is a gi'eat tendency 

 to the formation of a fimgous gi'owth, which often necessitates the 

 enucleation of the whole eyeball. 



ORBITAL AND PERIORBITAL. ABSCESS. 



Orbital abscess may form outside of the globe and within the 

 orbital sheath, as the result of a previous wound of the parts, or from 

 fracture of the bony orbit, etc. Periorbital abcess commences out.side 

 of the ocular sheath, beneath the periosteal membrane covering the 

 bone, and is usually the result of a diseases or fractured bone Avhich 

 enters into the formation of the orbital cavity. 



Symptoms. — Orbital abscess is manifested by a pushing forward of 

 the eyeball (exophthalmos), a swelling of the conjunctiva and eyelids. 

 The bulging out of the eye is in proportion to the size of the abscess; 

 the movement of the eye is fixed, due to the painfulness of any volun- 

 tary movement of the eyeball. Periorbital abscess generally pushes 

 the eye to one side ; otherwise the symptoms are similar to the fore- 

 going. The pain generally is very great ; paralysis of the nerve of 

 sight may occur, and death may be caused by the abscess extending 

 to the brain. 



Treatment. — The treatment for either orbital or periorbital abscess 

 is the same as that for abscess occurring in any other part of the 

 }3ody — a free opening for the escape of imprisoned pus. This should 

 be made as soon as the tme nature of the disease is recognized. 

 Afterwards antiseptic injections may be needed to stimulate healthy 

 granulation and to prevent septic infection of the ocular membranes. 

 For this purpose a saturated solution of boracic acid may be used, or 

 listerine 1 part to 10 of water. AVhen the fever runs high. Glauber's 

 salt (sulphate of soda) may be given in 4-ounce doses once a day. 

 The animal should be kept in a darkened stable, on soft or green feed. 



FRACTURE OF THE ORBIT. 



This accident occasionally occui-s among belligerent animals, or as 

 the result of blows delivered by brutal attendants. The orbital process 

 above the eye may be entirely crashed in, pressing down upon the eye- 

 ball. In such an event the depressed bone should be elevated into its 

 proper place, and if it fails to unite it may have to be removed with 

 saw or chisel. The margin of the orbit may be crushed at any point 



