376 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



chloric! of lime, in the top of which a deep crater is made for the 

 placement of from 1 to 2 pints of crude carbolic acid. The edge of 

 the crater is thereupon pushed into the fluid, when a lively reac- 

 tion follows. Owing to the heat generated, it is advisable to place 

 the chlorid of lime in an iron crucible and to have nothing inflam- 

 mable Avithin a radius of 2 feet. The number and location of 

 these cones of chlorid of lime depend on the size and structure of 

 the building to be disinfected. As a nde it may be stated that chlorin 

 gas liberated from the above-sized cone will be sufficient for disin- 

 fecting 5,200 cubic feet of air space. The finnes of chlorin are 

 strongly irritating to the respiratory tract, and therefore all live stock 

 should be removed before the work is started. 



(3) Crude carbolic acid. The ordinary purified carbolic acid is too 

 expensive to be used on a large scale, and the crude product is a very 

 good substitute. This is made more powerful by mixing with it an 

 equal volume of commercial sulphuric acid. While the sulphuric acid 

 is being added to the crude carbolic acid much heat is evolved, and if 

 the glass jar in which the two are mixed together is placed in cold 

 water the resulting product is said to have a higher disinfecting 

 power. The mixture is added to enough water to make a 5 per cent 

 solution (about 7 ounces to 4 quarts of water). This is strong enough 

 for all purposes. It may be kept in wood or glass, but not in metal, 

 owing to the corroding action of the acid. It should be used freely on 

 woodwork and on infected floors, and a force pump of the kind used 

 by orchardists will be found very convenient as a means of applying 

 this disinfectant. If the solution is warm when applied, it will pene- 

 trate the woodwork better than when it is cold, especially if the spray- 

 ing is done during cold weather. The addition of air-slaked lime in 

 any quantity that will dissolve in water to the above solution (say 1| 

 pounds of lime to 7 ounces of crude carbolic acid to each gallon of 

 water) is preferred by many, as it makes any neglected places at once 

 visible and leaves a cleaner and purer atmosphere within the build- 

 ings. In .most cases where its application becomes desirable — and 

 this rule should apply to all disinfections — the disinfected stables, 

 stalls, etc., should remain vacant as long as possible before cattle 

 are again stabled therein. 



(4) Mercuric chlorid, or corrosive sublimate, is a powerful disin- 

 fectant, but it is likewise very poisonous; hence its uses are limited. 

 Cattle are especially susceptible to the action of mercuric chlorid 

 and caution must be used in its application. A solution of one-tenth 

 of 1 per cent is usually sufficient (1 ounce to 8 gallons of water). 

 Mercuric chlorid should not be placed in wooden pails, as we have the 

 tannate of mercury formed, which is a weak antiseptic; nor should 

 expensive metal pails be used, owing to its corrosive action. Agate 

 vessels or tin pails are to be preferred. All solutions should be 



