416 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



animals included at least 470 head of .Shorthorns, of whicli 170, or 34 

 per cent, were tuberculous. 



To these facts may be added the evidence of Prof. Bang that 

 tuberculosis was brought to Denmark in the first half of the nine- 

 teenth century by cattle from Switzerland, Schleswig, and England, 

 and that the same thing is now going on in Sweden and Norway, 

 particularly through English cattle. Also the evidence of M. Sivori, 

 chief of section at the ministi-y of agriculture, Agrentina, who has 

 investigated tuberculosis in that country, and who says that " 30 or 

 40 years ago tuberculosis was unknown in Argentine cattle, and it is 

 still unknown among the native (criollo) cattle. Its appearance 

 dates from the introduction of pure breeding animals. Statistics 

 prove that tuberculosis is observed among the grades — above all 

 among those of the Durham and less among the Hereford." 



Moreover, the reports of the royal commission of Victoria, Aus- 

 tralia, and of the New^ Zealand department of agriculture, show a 

 large proportion of tuberculous cattle in those colonies, where the 

 disease was almost certainly carried by British cattle. 



In the same manner that tuberculosis has been carried from Great 

 Britain to Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Argentina, and Australia, it 

 has also been taken to Canada. In one herd of imported cattle 

 slaughtered in the Canadian quarantine station, 13 of the 14 animals 

 were found tuberculous. One of the largest Shorthorn herds in 

 Canada was some time ago tested because an animal from it was 

 condemned when offered for shipment to the United States. This 

 herd was found to be vei-y badly affected, and an effort is being made 

 to eradicate the disease by the Bang method. A Canadian official 

 publication says of another Shorthoni herd, which at one time had a 

 very high reputation, that when an investigation in regard to tuber- 

 culosis was recently made the disease was found among ordinary 

 cattle wherever animals from this herd had been introduced, and that 

 this herd, which had been looked upon as one of the greatest benefits 

 to the farming community, was really a danger, because it dissemi- 

 nated tuberculosis among the farmers' herds. Still another well- 

 known herd recently attracted attention because four animals from 

 it offered for export to the United States w^ere all tuberculous. 



From December 23, 1900, to February 19, 1901, the period that the 

 department inspector tested all Canadian cattle intended for ship- 

 ment to the United States, 140 purebred Shorthorns and 3 Shorthoni 

 grades were tested, and of the total number 26, or 18 per cent, 

 i-eacted. During the first month that this inspection was enforced, 

 and when it may be assumed that the condition of the cattle most 

 nearly represented what it had previously been, 74 cattle were offered 

 for importation, and 18, or 24.3 per cent, were found tuberculous. 



