THE ANIMAL PARASITES OP CATTLE. 



533 



fours is preferable, as more of the dose passes to the place Avhere its 

 action is required. 



Great care should l^e used not only in dosing to avoid the entrance 

 of the liquid into the lungs, but also in the preparation and adminis- 

 tration of the remedy so that the solution may not be too strong or 

 the dose too large. 



Coal-tar creosote. — Good results have been obtained from a single dose of a 1 

 per cent solution of a coal-tar creosote. This solution is made by shaking to- 

 gether 1 ounce of coal-tar creosote and 99 ounces (6 pints 3 ounces) of water. 

 The doses of this 1 per cent mixture are as follows : 



Calves 3 to 8 months old 5 to 10 ounces. 



Yearling steers 1 pint. 



Two-year-olds and above 1 quart. 



Serious objections to the use of coal-tar creosote have been found in that 



the substance known by this name varies considerably in composition and in 



that some trouble is often exi>erienced in obtain- 



ing it in many parts of the country. Complaints 



have been made that the substance dispensed by 



. M^^ some druggists as coal-tar creosote has failed to 



^' '^Bw give satisfactory results. 



"i^I Bluestonc. — Bluestone, or copper sulphate, has 



been extensively used in South Africa in the 

 treatment of sheep and cattle for stomach worms 

 and is rec-ommended by the colonial veterinary 

 surgeon of the Cape Colony as the best and 

 safest remedy. To prepare the solution take 1 

 pound (avoirdupois) of pure bluestone, powder it 

 fine and dissolve in 9* gallons of warm water. It 

 is better to first dissolve the bluestone in 2 or 3 

 (juiirts of boiling water, then add the remaining 



Fig. 21 — A droncliin;,' tube mailc from an ordinary tin funml, a piece of rubber 

 hose, and a piece of brass pipe. 



quantity of cold water, and mix thoroughly. This solution may be given to 

 cattle in the following-sized doses: 



Calves 3* to 4 ounces. 



Yearlings 6 ounces. 



Two-year-olds and above 12 to 16 ounces. 



In making up the solution only clear blue crystals of bluestone should be used. 

 Bluestone with white patches or crusts should be rejected. It is especially im- 

 portant that the bluestone and water be accurately weighed and measured, and 

 that the size of the dose be graduated according to the age of the animal. 



Gasoline. — Gasoline is one of the most popular remedies for stomach worms 

 which have been used in this country, and has the particular advantage of 

 being readily obtained. It is important to repeat the dose if the gasoline treat- 

 ment is employed, and it is usual to administer the treatment on three succes- 

 sive days, as follows: 



