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symptoms are obsei'ved, and are eoutinnoiis; lie rareiy lies down, Ijut 

 carries his liead extemled and low, nearly toucliing tlie ground. 

 Dullness rai)idly increases, tlie eyes are partially closed, vision is 

 imi)aired, he presses or thusts his head against the manger or sides of 

 the stall, and paws or even climbs with his fore feet. Respirations 

 are less frequent than in health, tlie pulse slow and sluggish. All 

 these symptoms rajjidly increase in severity; he becomes delirious; 

 cold sweats bedew the bod}'; he trembles violently, slobbers or vomits 

 a sour, fermenting mass, staggers from side to side, or plunges madly 

 about until he drops dead. Usually the bowels are constipated, 

 although (and especially if the engorgement is due to eating wheat or 

 rye) diarrhea has been observed. These symptoms resemble in some 

 particulars those of "blind " or " mad " staggers, but if Ave are careful 

 to get the history of the case, /. e., ravenous eating after a long fast, 

 or gaining access to grain-bins, wc shoidd not l)e in much danger of 

 confounding them. Posi-mortein examinations sometimes reveal rup- 

 ture of the stomach, owing to its enormous distension, and to the vio- 

 len,ce with Avhich he throws himself in his delirium. If not ruptured 

 the stomach will be distended to its utmost. 



Trecdment for these cases is verj- unsatisfactory. A purgative of 

 Barbadoes aloes, 1 ounce, should be given at once. We should then 

 try to stimulate the walls of the stomach to contraction by giving cay- 

 enne pepper, one-half ounce, or half-ounce doses of Jamaica ginger. 

 Injections into the rectum, last gut, of turpentine 2 ounces, in 8 ounces 

 of linseed oil, may stimulate the bowels to act, and thus, in a meas- 

 ure, relieve the stomach. Cold applications applied to the head may 

 in some cases relieve the cerebral symptoms already referred to, and 

 some recommend bleeding for the same purpose. 



Tympanik's of the stomach. — This is of somewhat frequent occur- 

 rence, according to my observation, but is not, I believe, as a rule, 

 separatel}' treated of by works on veterinary medicine. It is similar 

 in cause and symiitoms to the above, yet distinct enough to enable 

 the careful observer to readily differentiate between them. In tym- 

 panites of the stomach we find this organ to be greath' distended as 

 before, but in this case its contents are gaseous, or probably a mix- 

 ture of food and gases, like fermenting yeast. This disease of the 

 horse corresponds exactly with "hoven" or "blown" in cattle, and 

 may be due to overloading the stomach with young, succulent, grow- 

 ing herbage, clover in particular, from whose subsequent fermenta- 

 tion gas is liberated in quantities sufficient to enormously distend the 

 stomach. Growing wheat or lye are also fertile causes of this disten- 

 tion if eaten in any considerable amounts. Another very frequent 

 cause of stomach-bloat is overfeeding, particularly if given immedi- 

 ately before hard work. Many people, if the}^ expect to make a long 

 journey, think to fit their horses for the fatigue consequent tliereto 

 by giving an extra allowance of oats or other food just before starting. 



