59 



gait, etc., are the symi)toms by Avhich we kiioAv that the animal is 

 dying from internal hemorrhage. 



Treaimeui. — But little can be done. Opium in povrder, in doses of 

 2 drams every two or three hours, maj' be given, with the idea of pre- 

 venting as much as possible all movements of internal organs. If we 

 have reason to suspect internal bleeding we should give large and 

 frequent doses of white-oak bark tea, dram doses of tannic or gallic 

 acid, or the same quantity of sugar of lead, everj' half hour or hour. 

 Fluid extract of ergot or tincture of the chloride of iron, in ounce 

 doses, maj' be selected. Cold water dashed upon the right side or 

 injected into the rectum is highly spoken of as a means of checking 

 the hemorrhage. 



Biliary calculi — Gall-stone.^. — These are rarely found in the horse, 

 but may occupy the hei^atic ducts, giving rise to jaundice and to 

 colicky pains. There are no absolutely diagnostic symptoms, but 

 should we find a horse that suffers from repeated attacks of colic, 

 accompanied by symptoms of violent pain, and that during or follow- 

 ing these attacks the animal is jaundiced, we may liazard the conjec- 

 ture that gall-stones are present. There is little or nothing to be done 

 excex)t to give medicines to overcome pain, trusting that these concre- 

 tions may pass on to the bowels, where, from their small size, they 

 will not occasion any inconvenience. 



Diseases of the pancreas and spleen are so rare, or their symi^toms 

 so little understood, that it is impossible to write anj-thing concerning 

 either of these organs and their simple diseases that will convey to 

 the reader information from a worthy stand-point, i. e. , that of experi- 

 ence and observation. It is sometimes well, even for the veterinarian, 

 to know that he does not know. This knowledge has saved my readers 

 an infliction. 



