67 



wliicli was fonuerly LOGO would indicate about 15 grains of sugar to 

 the fluid ounce. 



Inosite or muscle-sugar, frequently present in the horse's urine, and 

 even replacing the glucose, is not fermentable. Its i)resence may be 

 indicated by its sweetness and the absence of fermentation, or by Gal- 

 lois' test. Evaporate the suspected urine at a gentle heat almost to 

 drj'uess, then add a droj) of a solution of mercuric nitrate and evapo- 

 rate carefully to dryness, when a 3'ellowish residue is left that is 

 changed on further cautious heating to a deep rose-color, which dis- 

 appears on cooling and reapi^ears on heating. 



In advanced diabetes, dropsies in the limbs and under the chest and 

 bell}^, puffy, swollen eyelids, cataracts, catarrhal inflammation of the 

 lungs, weak, uncertain gait, and drowsiness may be noted. 



Treatment is most satisfactory in cases dependent on some curable 

 disease of liver, pancreas, lungs, or brain. Thus, in liver diseases, a 

 run at j)asture in Avarm weather, or in winter a warm, sunn}^ well- 

 aired stable, with sufficient clothing and laxatives (sulxDhate of soda, 

 1 ounce daily) and alkalies (carbonate of potassium, one-fourth ounce) 

 may benefit. To this may be added mild blistering, cupping, or even 

 leeching over the last ribs. Diseases of the brain or pancreas may be 

 treated according to their indications. The diet should be mainly 

 albuminous, such as wheat-bran or middlings, pease, beans, vetches, 

 and milk. Indeed, an exclusive milk diet is one of the very best 

 remedial agencies. It may be given as skim milk or butter-milk, and 

 in the last case combines an anti-diabetic remedy in the lactic acid. 

 Under such an exclusive diet recent and mild cases are often entirely 

 restored, though at the exi)ense of an attack of rheumatism. Codeia, 

 one of the alkaloids of opium, is stronglj^-ecommended by Dr. Tj^son. 

 The dose for the horse would be 3 grains thrice daily. In cases in 

 wiiich there is manifest irritation of the brain bromide of potassium, 

 4 drams, or ergot, one-half ounce, may be resorted to. Salicylic acid 

 and salicylate of sodium have proved useful in certain cases; also 

 l)hosphate of sodium. Bitter tonics (especially nux vomica, one-half 

 dram) are useful in imj)roving the disgestion and general health. 



BLOODY URINE — HEMATURIA. 



As seen in the horse bloody urine is usually the direct result of 

 mechanical injuries, as sprains and fractures of tne loins, lacerations 

 of the sub-lumbar muscles (psoas), irritation caused by stone in the 

 kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. It may, however, occur with 

 acute congestion of the kidney, with tumors in its substance, or with 

 papilloma or other diseased growth in the bladder. Acrid diuretic 

 plants i)resent in the food may also lead to the escape of blood from 

 the kidney. The predisposition to this affection is, however, incom- 

 parably less than in the case of the ox or sheep, the difference being 



