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of great advantage, and these may be followed or alternated with 

 the ai)plication of mustard, as in paralj'sis. Or the mustard maj^ be 

 ai)i)lied on the back j)art of the abdomen below, or between the 

 thighs from the anus downward. Finally, when the acute symptoms 

 have subsided, a daily dose of buchu 1 dram, and nux vomica one- 

 half dram, will serve to restore lost tone. 



IRRITABLE BLADDER. 



Some horses, and especially juares, show an irritability of the blad- 

 der and nerve centers presiding over it b}^ frequent urination in 

 small quantities, though the urine is not manifestly changed in char- 

 acter and no more than the natural amount is i)asscd in the twenty- 

 four hours. The disorder appears to have its source quite as fre- 

 quently in the generative or nervous system as in the urinary. A 

 troublesome and dangerous form is seen in mares, which dash off and 

 refuse all control bj' the rein if driven with a full bladder, but usually 

 13rove docile if the bladder has been emptied before hitching. In 

 other cases the excitement connected with getting the tail over the 

 reins is a powerful determining cause. The condition is marked in 

 many mares during the period of heat. 



An oleaginous laxative (castor oil, 1 pint) will serve to remove any 

 cause of irritation in the digestive organs, and a careful dieting will 

 avoid continued irritation by acrid vegetable agents. The bladder 

 should be examined to see that there is no stone or other cause of irri- 

 tation, and the sheath and penis shovild be washed with soap-suds, any 

 sebaceous matter removed from the bilocular cavity at the end of the 

 penis, and the whole lubricated with sweet oil. Irritable mares should 

 be induced to urinate before they are harnessed, and those that clutch 

 the lines under the tail may have the tail set high by cutting the cords 

 on its lower surface, or it may be prevented getting over the reins \)y 

 having a strap carried from its free end to the breeching. Those prov- 

 ing troublesome when in heat may have 4-dram doses of bromide of 

 potassium, or they may be served by the male or castrated. Some- 

 times irritability may be lessened by daily doses of belladonna extract 

 (1 dram), or a better tone may be given to the parts by balsam copaiba 

 (1 dram). 



DISEASED GROWTHS IN THE BLADDER. 



These may be of various kinds, malignant or simi)le. In the horse 

 I have found villous growths from the mucous membrane especially 

 troublesome. They maj' be attached to the mucous membrane by a 

 narrow neck or by a broad base covering a great part of the organ. 

 The syinijtoms are frequent straining, i^assing of urine and blood Avith 

 occasionally gravel. An examination of the bladder with the hand in 

 the rectum will detect the new growth, Avhicli may be distinguished 

 from a hard resistant stone. In mares, in which the finger can be 



