100 



would rather forego satisfying what little appetite he might have 

 than inflict pain by craning his head for food or water. A supply of 

 fresh water should be before him all the time ; he will not drink too 

 much, nor will the cold water hurt him. Constipation (if present) 

 must be relieved by enemas of warm water, administered three or 

 four times during the twenty-four hours. 



A liniment composed of 2 ounces of olive oil and 1 ounce each of 

 solution of ammonia and tincture of cantharides, well shaken together, 

 should be thoroughly rubbed in about the throat from ear to ear, and 

 about 6 inches down over the windpipe and in the space between the 

 lower jaws. This liniment should be applied once a day for two or 

 three da,js. 



When the animal can swallow without much difficulty, give the fol- 

 lowing preparation: Fluid extract hyoscyamus 1 dram, jjowdered 

 chlorate potassium 2 drams, simple sirup or molasses 2 ounces. Mix 

 all together and drench very carefully. Repeat the dose every six 

 hours. 



If the animal is breathing with great difficulty do not attempt to 

 drench him, but persevere in steaming the nostrils, and dissolve 2 

 drams of chlorate of jDotassium in every gallon of water he will drink; 

 even if he can not swallow much of it (and even if it is returned through 

 the nostrils), it will be of some benefit as a gargle to the pharynx. 



When the breathing begins to be loud great relief is afforded in 

 some cases by giving a drench composed of 2 drams of fluid extract 

 of jaborandi in half a pint of water. If benefit is derived, this 

 drench may be repeated four or five hours after the first dose is 

 given. It will cause a free flow of saliva from the mouth within 

 thirtj^ minutes. 



In urgent cases, when sufi'ocation seems inevitable, the operation of 

 tracheotomy must be ijerformed. It must be admitted that this oper- 

 ation appears to be (to the non-professional) a very formidable one, 

 but as it is certainly a means of saving life where all other measures 

 have failed, it is the duty of the writer to describe it. To describe 

 this operation in words that would make it comprehensible to the 

 general reader is a much more difficult task than performing the oper- 

 ation, Avhich in the hands of the expert is one of the simplest, and 

 attended with less danger (from the operation itself) than any of the 

 special operations on organs. 



The operator should be provided with a tracheotomy tube (to be 

 purchased from any veterinary instrument maker) and a sharp knife, 

 a sponge, and a bucket of clean cold water. The place to be selected 

 for opening the windpipe is that i^art which is found, uj^ou examina- 

 tion, to be least covered with muscles. Run your hand down the front 

 part of the windi)ipe and you maj^ easily detect the rings of cartilage 

 of which it is composed ; about 5 or 6 inches below the tliroat it will be 

 the most plainly felt. Right here, then, is the place to cut through. 



