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NEURITIS — INFLAMMATION OF A NERVE. 



This is caused by a bruise or wound of a nerve, or to strangulation 

 in a ligature when it is included in the ligation of an artery. The 

 changes in an inflamed nerve are an enlargement, reddening of the 

 nerve sheath, spots of extravasated blood, and sometimes an infiltra- 

 tion of serum mixed with pus. 



Sijinptoms. — Acute pain of the parts supplied by the nerve, an 

 absence of swelling or increased heat of the i)art. 



Treatment. — Hypodermic injections of from 3 to 5 grains of morphia 

 to i-elieve pain, hot fomentations, and rest. If it is due to an inclusion 

 of a ligature, the nerve should be divided above and l)elow the ligature. 



NEUROMA — TUMOR OF A NERVE. 



Neuroma may be from enlargement of the end of a divided nerve, 

 or due to fibrous degeneration of a nerve which lias been bruised or 

 wounded. Its most frequent occurrence is found after the operation 

 of neurotomy for foot lameness, and it may appear only after the 

 lapse of months, or even years. Neuroma usually develops within the 

 sheath of the nerve with or without imi^licating the nerve fibers. 

 They are oval, running lengthwise with the direction of the nerve. 



Symptoms. — Pain of the affected limb or jiart is manifested, more 

 especially after resting awhile, and when i^ressure is made upon the 

 tumor it causes extreme suffering. 



Treatment. — Excision of the tumor, including part of the nerve 

 above and below, and then treat it like any other simi)le wound. 



IN.JURY TO NERVES. 



These may consist in wounding, bruising, laceration, stretching, 

 compression, etc. The symptoms which are produced Avill dejiend 

 upon the extent, seat, and character of the injury. Recovery may 

 quickly take x>lace, or it may lead to neuritis, neuroma, or spinal or 

 cerebral irritation, which may result in tetanus, paralysis, and other 

 serious derangements. In all diseases, whether x>roduced by some 

 form of external violence or intrinsic causes, the nerves are neces- 

 sarilj' involved, and sometimes it is to a primaiy injury of them that 

 the principal fault in movement or change of nutrition of a part is 

 due. It is often difficult or imj)ossible to discover that an injury to 

 a nerve has been inflicted, but whenever this is possible it may enable 

 us to remedy that which otherwise would result in permanent evil. 

 Treatment should consist in relieving compression, in hot fomenta- 

 tions, the application of anodyne liniments, excision of the injured 

 part, and rest. 



CEREBRO-SPINAL MENINGITIS. 



I'his may occur sporadically as an encephalitis, with implications 

 of the spinal cord and its meninges. Usually, however, it appears as 



