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horses or rapidly driven animals Avhicli are obliged to travel, often 

 smooth shod, upon slippery, icy, or greasy pavements, where they 

 are easily liable to lose their foothold. The region of the strain is 

 the posterior part of the shoulder, and the muscles which are afEected 

 are those which occupy the space between the posterior border of 

 the scapula and the posterior face of the arm. It is the muscles of the 

 olecranon which give way. 



The symptoms are easily recognized, especially Avhen the animal is 

 in action. While at rest the attitude may be normal, or by close 

 scrutiny a peculiarity may perhaps be detected. The leg may seem 

 to drop ; the elbow may appear to be lower than its fellow, with the 

 knee and lower part of the leg flexed and the foot resting on the toe, 

 with the heel raised. Such an attitude, however, may be occasionally 

 assumed by an animal without having any special significance. But 

 when it becomes more i^ronounced on putting him in motion the fact 

 acquires a symptomatic value, and this is the case in the present 

 instance. A rapid gait becomes quite impossible, and the walk, 

 as in some few other diseases, becomes sufficiently characteristic to 

 Avarrant a diagnosis even when observed from a distance. An entire 

 dropping of the anterior part of the trunk becomes manifest, and no 

 weight is carried on the disabled side, in consequence of the loss of 

 action in the suspensory muscles. There are often heat, pain, and 

 swelling in the muscular mass at the elbow, though at times a hollow or 

 depression may be observed near the posterior border of the scapula, 

 which is probably the seat of injury. 



These hurts are of various degrees of imi3ortance, varying from mere 

 minor casualties of quick recovery to lesions which are of sufficient 

 severity to render an animal useless and valueless for life. 



The prime elements of treatment, which should be strictly observed, 

 are rest and quiet. Prescriptions of all kinds, however, of course, 

 have their advocates. Among them are ether, chloroform, camphor, 

 alcoholic frictions, warm fomentations, blisters, setons, etc. But, 

 unless the conclusions of experience are to be ignored, our own judg- 

 ment is decisive in favor of rest, judiciously applied; and our view of 

 what constitutes a judicious application of rest has been more than 

 once presented in these pages. There are degrees of this rest. One 

 contemplates simple immobility in a narrow stall. Another means 

 the enforced mobility of the slings and a narrow stall as well. Another 

 a box stall, with ample latitude as to posture and space, and option 

 to stand up or lie down. As wide as this range may appear to be, 

 radical recovery has occurred under all of these modified forms of 

 letting our patients alone. 



Hip lameness. — The etiology of injuries and diseases of the hip is 

 one and the same with that of the shoulder. The same causes operate 

 and the same results follow. The only essential change, with an 

 important exception, which would be necessary in passing from one 



