524 



other causes. If the animal is exposed to cokl, or worked so as to 

 engorge the lungs with blood at the termination of the specific fever, 

 just when the eruption is about to localize, it may be determined to 

 the lungs. In this case we have a short dry cough, labored breath- 

 ing, the development of a secondary fever of some gravity, and all of 

 the external symptoms of a pneumonia. This pneumonia differs, 

 however, from an ordinary pneumonia in the symptoms furnished by 

 the examination of the lungs themselves. In place of a large mass of 

 the lung tissue being affected the inflammation is disseminated in 

 smaller spots over the entire lung. The total of these areas may be 

 equal, however, to the half or more of the lungs and prove fatal. 

 The crepitant rales and tubular murmur of pneumonia is absent, and 

 is replaced by sibilant and small mucous rales. When the fever has 

 been intense and the animal is unduly exposed or worked, it may be 

 attacked with a congestion of the lungs, which will prove fatal within 

 a few hours, and no localization be developed ; or, if in this case relief 

 is afforded, it may be followed by a lobar pneumonia, showing itself 

 with all the symptoms of this disease when it is produced by ordinary 

 causes. 



Diagnosis.— The diagnosis of the horsepox is to be based on the 

 presence of a continuous fever, with rosy mucous membranes, for 

 several days, and the appearance of the characteristic eruption. If 

 the eruption is in the nasal cavities, marked by a considerable dis- 

 charge and attended by submaxillary abscesses, it maybe confounded 

 Avith strangles. If the throat is affected it may be confounded with 

 an angina (laryngitis or pharyngitis), but in the latter the local 

 trouble precedes or is concomitant with the fever, while in the former 

 the fever precedes the local trouble by several days. Variola may be 

 confounded with bronchitis or pneumonia if complicated with these 

 troubles and the eruption is absent from the exterior, but it is of little 

 moment, as the treatment for both will be much the same. When the 

 ei'uption is in the neighborhood of the genital organs this disease 

 lias been mistaken for the dourine. In variola the eruption is a tem- 

 porary one; the nodes and pustules are followed by shallow ulcers 

 and rapid cicatrization, unless continued in the vagina or on the penis 

 by the rubbing of the walls and the filth which accumulates; there 

 are apt to be pustules at other parts of the body. In the venereal 

 disease the local trouble commences as a papule and breaks into an 

 ulcer without having formed a pustule. The ulcer has not the con- 

 vex rosy appearance of that of the less serious discharge; the symp- 

 toms last for a longer period, by which time others aid in differentiat- 

 ing the two. In glanders the tubercle is hard, and, after breaking 

 into an ulcer, the indurated bottom remains, grayish or dirty-white 

 in color, ragged and exuding a viscous, oily discharge. There is no 

 disposition to suppuration of the neighboring glands. In variola tlie 

 rosy shallow ulcer and healthy laudable pus, with the acutely tumified 



