534 



year before. While the discharge from a case of chronic ghiiiders is 

 much less apt to contain the virus than that from a case of acute 

 glanders, the former, if it infects an animal, will produce the same • 

 disease as the latter. It may assume from the outset an acute or 

 chronic form according to the susceptibility of the animal infected, 

 and this does not depend upon the character of the disease from Avhich 

 the virus was derived. 



The genus equus, the horse, the ass, and the mule, are the animals 

 which are the most susceptible to contract glanders, but in these we 

 find a much greater receptivity in the ass and mule than we do in the 

 horse. In the ass and mule in almost all cases the period of incuba- 

 tion is short and the disease develox)s in an acute form. We find that 

 the race of horse infected influences the character of the disease; in 

 full-blooded, fat horses, of a sanguinary temperament, the disease usu- 

 ally develoj)S in an acute form, while in the lymi)hatic, cold-blooded, 

 more common race of horses the disease usuall}^ assumes a chronic 

 form. If the disease develops first in the chronic form in a horse in 

 fair condition, starvation and overwork are apt to bring on an acute 

 attack, but when the disease is inoculated into a debilitated and 

 imi^overished animal it is apt to start in the latent form. Inoculation 

 on the lips or the exterior of the animal is frequently followed by an 

 acute attack, while infection by ingestion of the virus and inoculation 

 by means of the digestive tract is often followed by the trouble in the 

 chronic latent form. 



In the dog the inoculation of glanders may develop a constitutional 

 disease with all the sj^miitoms vrhich are found in the horse, but more 

 frequentlj^ the virus pullulates onlj^ at the iDoint of inoculation, 

 remaining for some time as a local sore, which maj^.then heal, leaving 

 a perfectly sound animal; but while the local sore is continuing to 

 ulcerate, and specific virus exists in it, it maj" be the carrier of con- 

 tagion to other animals. In man we find a greater receptivity to 

 glanders than in the dog, and in many unfortunate cases the virus 

 spreads from the i^oint of inoculation to the entire sj^stem and destroys 

 the vrretched mortal by extensive ulcers of the face and hemorrhage, 

 or by destruction of the lung tissue; in other cases, however, most 

 fortunately, glanders mny develop as in the dog, only in local form, 

 not infecting the constitution and terminating in recover}^, while the 

 specific ulcer by proper treatment is turned into a simple one. In 

 the feline species glanders is more destructive than in the dog. The 

 j)oint of inoculation ulcerates rapidly and the entire system becomes 

 infected. 



AVhile a student the writer saw a lion in the service of Professor 

 Trasbot, at Alfort, which had contracted the disease by eating glan- 

 dered meat and died with the lung farcied with tubercles. A litter of 

 kittens lapped at the blood from the lungs of a glandered horse on 

 which an autopsy was being made, and in four days almost their 



