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located. In chronic glanders we have first the tubercle, which is a 

 small node from the size of a shot to that of a small pea, which forms 

 in the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This may be just 

 inside of the wings of the nostrils or on the septum which divides the 

 one nasal cavity from the other and can be easily detected, or they 

 may be higher in the nasal cavities on the turbinated bones, or they may 

 form in the larynx itself, or on the surface of the trachea or deep in 

 the lungs. 



The tubercles, which are first red and hard and consist of new con- 

 nective tissue, soon soften and become yellow; the yellow spots 

 break and we have a small ulcer the size of the preceding tubercle, 

 which has a gray, dirty bottom and ragged edges and is known as a 

 chancre. This ulcer pours from its surface a viscous, oily discharge 

 similar to that which we have seen in tlie farcy ulcer. The irritation 

 of tlie discharge may ulcerate the lining mucous membrane of the 

 nose, causing serpentine gutters with bottoms resembling those of 

 the chancres themselves. If the tubercles have formed in large 

 numbers we may have them causing an acute inflammation of tlie 

 Schneiderian membrane, with a catarrhal discharge which may mark 

 the specific discharge, or that which comes from the ulcers and 

 resembles the discharge of strangles or simple inflammatory diseases. 



The eruption of the ulcers and discharge soon cause an irritation of 

 the neighboring lymphatics; and in the intermaxillary space, deep 

 inside of the jaws, we find an enlargement of the glands, which for the 

 first few days may seem soft and o-dematous, but which rapidly 

 becomes confined to the glands, these being from the size of an almond 

 to that of a small bunch of berries, exceedingly hard and nodulated. 

 This enlargement of the glands is found high up on the inside of the 

 jaws, firmly adherent to the base of the tongue. It is not to be con- 

 founded with the swelling, puffy, oedematous, and not to be separated 

 from the skin and subcutaneous connective tissues, which we find in 

 strangles, in laryngitis, and in other simi^le inflammatory troubles. 



These glands bear a great resemblance to the hard, indurated glands 

 vdiich we find in connection with the collection of pus in the sinuses; 

 but in the latter disease the glands have not the nodulated feel which 

 they have in glanders. With the glands we find indurated cords, feel- 

 ing like balls of tangled wire or twine, fastening the glands together. 

 The essential symptoms of glanders are the iuherde, the chancre, the 

 glands, and the discharge. With the development of the tubercles on 

 the respiratory tract, according to their number and the amount of 

 eruption Avhich they cause, we may have a cough which resembles that 

 of a coryza, a laryngitis, a bronchitis, or a broncho-pneumonia, accord- 

 ing to the location of the lesions. In clironic glanders Ave have the 

 same accessory symptoms Avhich we have in chronic farcy, the hemor- 

 rhage of the nose, the swelling of the legs, the chronic cough, and in 

 the entire liorso the swelling of the testicles. 



