540 



this case, too, the submaxillary space may for a few days so swell as 

 to resemble the oedematous inflamed glands of strangles, equine vari- 

 ola, or laryngitis. This condition is especially apt to be marked in 

 an acute outbreak of glanders in a drove of mules. 



Cases of chronic farcy and glanders, if not destroyed, may live in a 

 depraved condition until the animal dies from general emaciation and 

 anaemia, but in the majoritj^ of cases, from some sudden exposure to 

 cold, it develops an acute pneumonia or other simple inflammatory 

 trouble which starts up the latent disease and the animal has acute 

 glanders. 



In the ass, mule, and plethoric horses, acute glanders usually termi- 

 nates by lobular pneumonia. In other cases the general symptoms 

 may subside. The symptoms of pneumonia gradually disappear, the 

 temperature lowers, the pulse becomes slow^er, the ulcers heal, leaving 

 small indurated cicatrices, and the animal may return to apparent 

 health, or may at least be able to do a small amount of work with but 

 a few symptoms of the disease remaining in a chronic form. During 

 the attack of acute glanders the inflammation of the nasal cavities 

 frequently spreads into the sinuses or air cells, which are found in the 

 forehead and in front of the eyes on either side of the face, and cause 

 abscesses of these cavities, which may remain as the only visible symp- 

 tom of the disease. Animals that have recovered from acute glanders, 

 like the animals that are affected by chronic glanders and chronic 

 farcy, are apt to be affected with emphysema of the lungs or the 

 heaves, and to have a chronic cough. In this condition they may 

 continue for a long period, serving as dangerous sources of contagion, 

 the more so because the slight amount of discharge does not serve as 

 a warning to the owner or driver as profuse discharge does in the 

 more acute cases. 



AYith good care, good food, and good surroundings and little work, 

 an animal affected with glanders may live for months or even years 

 in an apparent state of perfect health, but with the first deprivation 

 of food, with a few days of severe hard work, with exposure to cold or 

 with the attack of a simple fever or inflammatory trouble from other 

 causes, the latent seeds of the disease break out and develop the trouble 

 again in an acute form. 



At the post-mortem examination of an animal which has been 

 destroyed or has died of glanders we find evidences of the various 

 lesions which we have studied in the symptoms. In addition to this, 

 we find tubercles similar to those which we have seen on the exterior 

 throughout the various organs of the body. Tubercles may be found 

 in the liver, in the spleen, and in the kidneys. We may have inflam- 

 niat ion of the periosteum of the bones, and we have excessive altera- 

 tions in the marrow in the interior of the bones themselves. Both of 

 these conditions during the life of the animal may have been the cause 

 of lameness which was difficult to diagnose. • 



