260 DISEASES OF THE HOKSE. 



TRICHIASIS. . 



This consists in the turning in of the eyelashes so as to irritate the 

 front of the eye. If a single eyelash, it may be snipped off with scis- 

 sors close to the margin of the eyelid or pulled out by the root with a 

 pair of flat-bladed forceps. If the divergent lashes are more numer- 

 ous, the treatment may be as for entropion, by excising an elliptical 

 portion of skin opposite the offending lashes and stitching the edges 

 together, so as to draw outward the margin of the lid at that point. 



WARTS AND OTHER TUMORS OF THE EYELIDS. 



The eyelids form a favorite site for tumors, and above all, warts, 

 which consist in a simple diseased overgrowth (hypertrophy) of the 

 surface layers of the skin. If small, these may be snipped off with 

 scissors or tied around the neck with a stout waxed thread and left to 

 drop off, the destruction being completed, if necessary, by the daily 

 application of a piece of sulphate of copper (blue vitriol), until any 

 unhealthy material has been removed. If more widely spread, the 

 wart may still be clipped off with curved scissors or knife, and the 

 caustic thoroughly applied day by day. 



A bleeding wart, or erectile tumor, is more liable to bleed, and is 

 best removed by constricting its neck with the waxed cord or rubber 

 band, or if too broad for this it may be transfixed through its base by 

 a needle armed with a double thread, which is then to be cut in two 

 and tied around the two portions of the neck of the tumor. If still 

 broader, the armed needle may be carried through the base of the 

 tumor at regular intervals, so that the whole may be tied in moder- 

 ately sized sections. 



In gray and in white horses black pigmentary tumors (melanotic) 

 are common on the black portions of skin, such as the eyelids, and are 

 to be removed by scissors or knife, according to their size. In the 

 horse these do not usually tend to recur when thoroughly removed, 

 but at times they prove cancerous (as is the rule in man), and then 

 they tend to reappear in the same site or in internal organs with, it 

 may be, fatal effect. 



Ency^ed, honeylike (melicerous), sebaceous, and fibrous tumors of 

 the lids all require removal with the knife. 



TORN EYELIDS OR WOUNDS OF EYELIDS. 



The eyelids are torn by attacks with horns of cattle, or with the 

 teeth, or by getting caught on nails in stall, rack, or manger, on the 

 point of stumps, fences, or fence rails, on the barbs of wire fences, and 

 on other pointed bodies. The edges should be brought together as 

 promptly as possible, so as to secure union without the formation of 

 matter, puckering of the skin, and unsightly distortions. Great care 

 is necessary to bring the two edges together evenly without twisting 



