540 DISEASES OF THE HOKSE. 



in the last the swelling is cool and not painful and the pitting on 

 pressure remains for sometime after the latter is withdrawn. It 

 is not to be confounded with greasy heels. In these the disease com- 

 mences in the neighborhood of the pastern and gradually extends 

 up the leg, rarely passing beyond the neighborhood of the hock. The 

 swollen leg in glanders almost invariably swells for the entire length 

 in a single night or within a very short period. Wlien greasy heels 

 are complicated by lymphangitis we have a condition very much 

 resembling that of farcy. The swelled leg in farcy is frequently fol- 

 lowed by an outbreak of farcy buttons and ulcers over its surface. 

 In the entire horse the testicles are frequently swollen and hot and 

 sensitive to the touch, but they have no tendency to suppuration. 

 The acute inflammation is rapidly followed by the specific induration, 

 which corresponds to the local lesions in other parts of the body. 



Chronic farcy in the ass and mule is an excessively rare condition, 

 but sometimes occurs. 



CHRONIC GLANDERS. 



Symptoms. — In chronic glanders we find the same train of inflam- 

 matory phenomena, varying in appearance from those of chronic 

 farcy only by the difference of the tissues in which they are located. 

 In chronic glanders there is first the nodule, from the size of a shot 

 to that of a small pea, which forms in the mucous membranes of the 

 respiratory tract. This may be just inside of the wings of the nos- 

 trils or on the septum which divides the one nasal cavity from the 

 other and be easily detected, or it may be higher in the nasal cavities 

 on the turbinated bones, or it may form in the larynx itself or on the 

 surface of the trachea or deep in the lungs. 



The nodules, which are first red and hard and consist of new con- 

 nective tissue, soon soften and become yellow ; the yellow spots break 

 and we have a small ulcer the size of the preceding nodule, which has 

 a gray, dirty bottom and ragged edges and is known as a chancre. 

 This ulcer pours from its surface a viscous, oily discharge similar 

 to that which we have seen in the farcy ulcer. The irritation of the 

 discharge may ulcerate the lining mucous membrane of the nose, 

 causing serpentine gutters with bottoms resembling those of the 

 chancres themselves. If the nodules have formed in large numbers, 

 we may have them causing an acute inflammation of the Schneiderian 

 membrane, with a catarrhal discharge which may mark the specific 

 discharge, or that which comes from the ulcers and resembles the 

 discharge of strangles or simple inflammatory diseases. 



The eruption of the ulcers and discharge soon cause an irritation 

 of the neighboring lymphatics ; and in the intermaxillary space, deep 

 inside of the jaws, we find an enlargement of the glands, which for 

 the first few days may seem soft and edematous, but which rapidly 

 becomes confined to the glands, these being from the size of an 



