20 



TABLE V 

 FOOT-HILL DEATH CAM AS (Z. paniculatus) . THE GREEN LEAVES FED TO CATTLE. 



Symptoms Exhibited by Poisoned Cattle. 



Slobbering was not so common a symptom in cattle as in sheep, while 

 vomiting was much more common and more profuse. This vomiting 

 made the animals appear very thin until they recovered sufficiently to 

 eat. A rise in the rate of respiration was a common symptom. 

 Severely poisoned cattle became very weak and dull; the gait was 

 unsteady, particularly in the hind-legs, the animals sometimes stum- 

 bling with the hind feet. A few were either so weak that they were 

 unable to get up, or else they would fall over when walking. Grinding 

 of the teeth and diarrhea were each observed in a single animal. 



Length of Time Required for Symptoms to Appear in Cattle. 



The time from the middle of the feeding period until cattle became 

 sick varied from 20 minutes to 2^ hours, averaging about 1 hour and 

 7 minutes. They remained sick for from 3 to 22 hours, averaging 

 hours. 



Some Typical Cases of Death Camas Poisoning in Cattle. 



Case 1. A calf weighing 165 pounds was fed f of a pound of death 

 camas leaves at 9 a. m., April 10, 1919. At li : 30 it was sick and 

 vomited freely. It remained sick, vomiting frequently, until 1 : 30. At 

 3 p. m. it appeared to have recovered. 



Case 2. A calf weighing 150 pounds was fed J pound of the leaves 

 at 10 : 50 a. m., April 23, 1919. It vomited between noon and 1 p. m. 

 At 3 p. m. it was lying down and appeared dull. When made to get up 

 it walked with an unsteady gait. At 5 p. m. it was up and eating hay. 

 At 8 a. m. next day it was still slobbering; but by 5 p. m. it had 

 apparently recovered. 



Case 3. A calf weighing 208 pounds was fed one pound of death 

 camas at 9 a. m., April 8, 1919. At 10 a. m. it began vomiting and 

 frothing slightly at the mouth. At 11 : 20 it was breathing at the rate 

 of 94 times per minute. At 2 : 45 it had stopped vomiting and the 

 respiration had fallen to 34 per minute. The animal was still slightly 

 sick at 3 : 30 p. m. but was eating, and appeared to have nearly 



