IMPLEMENTS AND WEAPONS OF THE STONE AGE. 135 



barbed bone spears were used, and also little un- 

 barbed bones with two elastic pieces of wood at the 

 sides to hold the body of the fish between them when 

 pierced with the spear. Even in winter the Indian cuts 

 a hole through the ice, and sitting beside it spears 

 the fish that are attracted by the light. Pointed bone 

 implements, explicable as spears, arrow-heads, bod- 

 kins, piercers, and potters' stamps, are not uncommon 

 in the kitchen-middens of old Hochelaga, though often 



Fig. 26. BONE NEEDLE ANB SPEAKS, HOCHELAGA. 



softened and impaired by decay. Their appearance 

 may be learned from the figures which I give of a few 

 of them, and which will recall the pre-historic European 

 bone implements which the reader may have seen either 

 in museums, or figured in books, and many of which date 

 back to the oldest deposits in caves of the Mammoth 

 age. The simplest form of spear is that with notches 

 along one side, though even this implies some thought 

 and skill in the arrangement of its barbs, and the plan 

 of these seems to have been nearly alike in all times 



