200 FOSSIL MEN. 



and arts. To illustrate this, in so far as the older of 

 the two races is concerned, I have figured from photo- 

 graphs two Hochelagan skulls of the extreme types 

 found there, and have placed in connection with one 

 of them tracings in outline of the forms of some of 

 the oldest European crania above referred to (Figs. 

 33-35). One may be fairly compared in its characters 

 with the Mentone skull, and the other with those of 

 Cro-magnon, Engis, and Neanderthal; and so like 

 are these and Huron, Iroquois, and other northern 

 American skulls to these ancient European relics and 

 others of their type, that it would be difficult to affirm 

 that they might not have belonged to near relatives. 

 On the other hand, the smaller and shorter heads of 

 the race of the Reindeer age in Europe may be com- 

 pared with the Laps, and with some of the more 

 delicately formed Algonquin and Chippewyan skulls 

 in America. If, therefore, the reader desires to realize 

 the probable aspect of the men of Cro-magnon, of 

 Mentone, or of Engis, I may refer him to modern 

 American heads. So permanent is this great Tu- 

 ranian race, out of which all the other races now 

 extant seem to have been developed in the milder and 

 more hospitable regions of the Old World, while in 

 northern Asia and in America it has retained to this 

 day its primitive characters. 



The reader, reflecting on what he has learned from 

 history, may be disposed here to ask : Must we 

 suppose Adam to have been one of these Turanian 

 men, like the old man of Cro-magnon ? In answer 



