238 FOSSIL MEN. 



ox, glutton, and other northern animals is an indication 

 of this, and we have reason to believe that the mam- 

 moth and the woolly rhinoceros were animals suited 

 to extreme cold. On the other hand, the contempo- 

 raneous existence of the cave hyaena, the cave lion, 

 and the hippopotamus tells a different story, and im- 

 plies at least warm summers and facilities for migra- 

 tion over extensive plains. Possibly, however, these 

 conditions were to some extent changeable, and at the 

 height of the continental period the climate may have 

 been warm in summer and somewhat cold in winter, 

 while in preceding and subsequent periods of depres- 

 sion, it may have been cool and moist. One of the 

 most convincing evidences of refrigeration in the later 

 part of the Palaeocosmic age, or older part of the Neo- 

 cosmic, is that afforded by the deposit at Schussenried 

 in Wurtemburg, described by Dr. Fraas, of Stuttgart. 

 The place had been a camping-ground near a stream, 

 and used apparently in the Reindeer age, possibly 

 after the disappearance of the mammoth, and it had 

 been overgrown with moss, in which Professor 

 Schimper recognises the species now characteristic 

 of Alpine and sub- arctic regions. It affords perhaps 

 the best proof of a cold climate in Germany in the 

 Reindeer age. This, let it be remembered, was the 

 age of a population allied to the Laplanders, and prob- 

 ably after the disappearance of the stalwart Turanian 

 race, characteristic of the continental mammoth period. 

 In other words, this age of cold was the early Post- 

 diluvial time. 



