THE INSTINCT OF IMMORTALITY. 297 



recent, but some now locally extinct, as, for example, 

 the reindeer. With regard to the age of this sepul- 

 chre, it is later than the earliest human age of Europe, 

 when we know from other evidence that the country 

 was inhabited by a race of gigantic stature and physi- 

 cally similar to the best developed of the American 

 races. But it is older than the historic age, and be- 

 longs to a time when the earlier race had been replaced 

 by another of smaller stature, but still Mongolian or 

 Turanian in features, and corresponding to the Lapps in 

 Europe and the Esquimaux in America. These, again, 

 at some unknown period, were replaced by the historic 

 Celtic and Germanic races. Let us now consider the 

 manner in which these people buried their dead. 



The mixed and disjointed condition of the bones 

 shows that either the burials took place at long inter- 

 vals of time, or that the place was a sort of ossuary, 

 into which bones taken up from a first burial were put, 

 in the manner we have already described. With the 

 dead were buried their ornaments and implements. 

 Among these were pierced pieces of fluor spar and 

 perforated shells, used no doubt as beads or wampum, 

 and chipped flint weapons. A plain earthen jar, not 

 unlike some of those found in ancient American burial- 

 places, but less ornamented, was found in fragments, 

 and had probably held provisions for the dead. The 

 survivors had attempted to perpetuate the memory or 

 achievements of their deceased friends ; for two slabs 

 of sandstone were found, one with unknown markings, 

 the other with the figure of an animal, probably the 



