120 



FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



thicker on the outside or the inside of each scale, and whether it 

 is equally abundant on all the successive pairs. 

 What is the probable use of this coating ? 



Note the delicate veining of some of the scales as seen through 



the magnifying glass. What does 

 this mean? 



Inside the innermost pair are 

 found two forked woolly objects ; 

 what are these ? 



Compare with Figs. 87 and 107. 

 Their shape could be more readily 

 observed if the woolly coating were 

 removed. 



Can you suggest a use for the 

 woolly coating? 



Examine a terminal bud in the 

 same way in which you have just 

 studied the lateral bud. 



Does it contain any parts not 

 found in the other? 



What is the appearance of these 

 parts ? 



W'hat do they represent ? 

 If there is any doubt about their 

 nature, study them further on a 

 . horse-chestnut tree during and im- 

 mediately after the process of leaf- 

 ing out in the spring. 



For comparison study at least one 

 to of the following kinds of buds in 

 their winter or early spring condi- 

 tion : hickory, butternut, beech, ash, magnolia (or tulip tree), lilac, 

 balm of Gilead, cottonwood, cultivated cherry. 1 



1 Consult the account of the mode of studying buds in Professor W. F. 

 Ganong's Teaching Botanist, pp. 208-210. If some of the buds are studied at 

 home, pupils will have a better chance to examine at leisure the unfolding 

 process. 



FIG. 80. Dissected Bud of Buckeye 

 (^Esculus macrostachya), showing 

 Transitions from Bud-Scales 

 Leaves. 



