204 



FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



218. Union of Separate Circles. The members of one 

 of the circles of floral organs may join those of another 

 circle, thus becoming adnate, adherent, or consolidated. 



In Fig. 139 the calyx tube is adnate to the 

 ovary. In this case the parts of the flower do 

 not all appear to spring from the receptacle. 

 Fig. 155 illustrates three common cases as 

 regards insertion of the parts of the flower. 

 In I they are all inserted on the receptacle, 

 and the corolla and stamens are said to be 

 hypogynous, that is, beneath the pistil. In II 

 the petals and the stamens appear as if they 

 had grown fast to the calyx for some distance, 

 so that they surround the pistil, and they are 



therefore said to be perigynous, that is, 



around the pistil. In III all the parts are 



free or unconsolidated, except the petals 



arid stamens ; the stamens may be described 



as epipetalous, that is, growing on the petals. 

 Sometimes some or all 

 of the other parts stand 

 upon the ovary, and such 



FIG. 152. -Diadeiphous parts are said to be epig- 



Stamens of Sweet Pea. ynou ^ that IS, On the 



ovary, like the petals and stamens of the 

 white water-lily (Fig. 156). 



219. Floral Diagrams. Sections (real 

 or imaginary) through the flower length- 

 wise, like those of Fig. 155, help greatly 



in giving an accurate idea of the relative ,ted anthers;/, 



filaments, bearded 



position of the floral organs. Still more on the sides. 



< 



FIG. 153. Stamens 

 of a Thistle, with 

 Anthers united 

 into a King. 



