90 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



stipules. Flowers perfect, regular or irregular. Sepals 

 usually 2, shed as the flower opens. Petals 4-12, falling 

 early. Stamens numerous or 6 (in 2 sets), 4, or 2. Carpels 

 2-16. Fruit a capsule. 



I. ESCHSHOLTZIA, Cham. 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves pale or bluish-green, 

 usually cut into very narrow divisions. Sepals united into a 

 pointed cap, which falls off in one piece as the flower opens. 

 Petals 4, orange or yellow. Stamens many, with long anthers. 

 Stigmas 2-6, spreading. Pods long and slender, grooved. Re- 

 ceptacle often surrounded by a rim on which the calyx rests. 



1. E. californica, Cham. Annual or perennial, with rather suc- 

 culent leafy stems. Flowers large and showy, yellow or orange- 

 yellow. Receptacle top-shaped, with a broad rim. Cultivated from 

 California. 



H. SANGUINARIA, Dill. 



Perennial. Rootstock thick, horizontal, joints and scars 

 of previous growths persistent several years ; juice orange- 

 colored. Leaves on long petioles, kidney-shaped. Scape 

 1-flowered. Sepals 2, falling off as the flower opens. Petals 

 8-12. Ovary 1, stigmas 2 ; capsule oblong, seeds crested.* 



1. S. canadensis, L. BLOODROOT. Leaves and scape with a 

 bloom ; leaves palmately 5-9-lobed, lobes rounded or toothed ; scapes 

 naked, nearly as long as the petioles. Flowers white, 1 in. or more 

 wide. Petals oblong or obovate, quickly deciduous. Capsule 

 1 -celled, 2-valved, the valves separating from the persistent placentae 

 at maturity. In rich, open woods.* 



m. CHELIDONIUM, L. 



Erect, branched, perennial herbs with yellow juice. Leaves 

 much divided. Flowers yellow. Sepals 2, falling as the 

 flower opens. Petals 4. Ovary 1-celled ; style dilated at the 

 top, with 2 adnate stigmas. Capsule linear. 



1. C. majus, L. CELANDINE. Stem 1-2 ft. high, brittle, slightly 

 hairy, leafy. Leaves once or twice pinnate. Flowers small. A rather 

 common weed in yards and along fences. Introduced from Europe. 



