DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 109 



ovate or oval, acute, finely serrate or entire, downy when young, 

 becoming smooth with age ; petioles slender. Cymes few several- 

 flowered, terminal, and at the ends of "fruit spurs" grown the 

 previous season. Flowers white. Styles not united. Fruit obovoid, 

 with hard gritty grains near the core. A European and Asiatic 

 tree common in cultivation.* 



2. P. Malus. APPLE. A tree with a rounded top and dark- 

 colored bark. Leaves oval or ovate, obtuse or pointed, dentate or 

 nearly entire, rounded at the base, smooth above, downy beneath. 

 Cymes few many-flowered. Flowers large, white or pink. Calyx 

 downy. Fruit depressed-globose to ovoid, hollowed at the base and 

 usually at the apex. Cultivated from Europe and often running 

 wild .in old pastures, etc., E.* 



3. P. coronaria, L. AMERICAN CRAB APPLE. A small tree 

 with smooth bark. Leaves triangular or oval-lanceolate, acutish or 

 rounded or a little heart-shaped at the base, cut-serrate and often 

 somewhat 3-lobed, slender-petioled, soon smooth. Flowers large, 

 few in a cluster, pale rose-color, very sweet-scented. Fruit bright 

 green, turning yellowish, sometimes 1 in. in diameter, flattened at 

 right angles to the pedicels, very fragrant. Glades, W. N. Y., West 

 and South. 



4. P. angustifolia, Ait. NARROW-LEAVED CRAB APPLE. A small 

 tree with smooth, light gray bark. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, 

 serrate, downy when young, acute at the base, short-petioled. 

 Corymbs few-flowered. Flowers pink, fragrant, about 1 in. broad. 

 Styles smooth, distinct. Fruit nearly globose, about f in. in diame- 

 ter, very sour. In open woods, Penn., W. and S.* 



5. P. arbutifolia, L. f. CHOKEBERRY, CHOKE PEAR, DOGBERRY. 

 A shrub 5-8 ft. high. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, finely serrate, 

 downy beneath, short-petioled. Flowers in a downy compound 

 cyme, small, white or reddish. Fruit pear-shaped or nearly globular, 

 not larger than a currant, very dark purple, dry and puckery. There 

 is also a smooth-leaved variety with black fruit. Swamps and damp 

 thickets, especially N. E. 



6. P. americana, DC. AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH. A tall shrub 

 or small tree. Leaves odd-pinnate. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, taper- 

 pointed, sharply serrate, smooth, bright green. Flowers small, white, 

 in large, flat, compound cymes. Fruit bright scarlet, not larger 

 than currants. Common N. and often cultivated. 



7. P. Aucuparia, Gaertn. EUROPEAN MOUNTAIN ASH OR ROWAN 

 TREE. Larger than No. 6. Leaflets paler, downy beneath. Fruit 

 larger, about in. in diameter. Cultivated from Europe. 



