128 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



claws. Standard narrow. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1). 

 Pod usually swollen, sometimes fleshy and eatable, several- 

 many-seeded. 



1. A. caryocarpus, Ker. GROUND PLUM, BUFFALO APPLE. Covered 

 with pale, close-lying down. Leaflets narrow, oblong. Flowers violet- 

 purple, in a short, narrow raceme. Fruit looking like a small, green, 

 pointed plum, about f in. in diameter, eatable. N". W., and S. to 

 Texas. 



2. A. mexicanus, A. DC. PRAIRIE APPLE. Smooth or with 

 some loose hairs. Corolla cream-color, with the tip bluish. Fruit 

 globular, not pointed, eatable. Prairies, Illinois and S. W. 



3. A. canadensis, L. Erect, often tall (1-4 ft. high), more or less 

 downy. Leaflets oblong, 21-27. Flowers pale greenish, in long 

 spikes. Pod dry, 2-celled, sessile. River bottoms, prairies, and woods. 



XIX. VICIA, Tourn. 



Climbing or spreading herbs. Leaves odd-pinnate, usually 

 ending in a tendril. Leaflets many, entire or toothed at the 

 tip ; stipules half arrow-shaped. Flowers blue, purple, or yel- 

 low, in axillary racemes. Calyx-teeth nearly equal. Wings 

 adnate to the keel. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1) ; fila- 

 ments thread-shaped, anthers all alike. Style bent, smooth or 

 downy all round or bearded below the stigma ; ovules usually 

 many. Pod flattened, 2-several-seeded. Seeds globular. 



1. V. americana, Muhl. WILD VETCH, BUFFALO PEA. Peren- 

 nial. Smooth, 1-3 ft. high. Leaflets 10-14, elliptical or ovate- 

 oblong, obtuse. Peduncles shorter than the leaves, 4-8-flowered. 

 Flowers bluish-purple, f in. long. Common N. and W. 



2. V. caroliniana, Walt. Perennial. Smooth or nearly so, 4-6 ft. 

 high. Leaflets 8-24, narrowly oblong, blunt. Peduncles loosely 

 flowered. Flowers smaller than in No. 1, whitish or tipped with pale 

 purple. River banks. 



3. V. sativa, L. COMMON VETCH. Annual. Stem simple, 

 smooth or downy, reclining, 1-3 ft. long. Leaves short-petioled ; 

 leaflets 5-7 pairs, obovate-oblong to linear, obtuse, notched and 

 mucronate at the apex. Flowers in pairs, nearly sessile in the axils, 

 pale purple, -1 in. long. Pod linear, several-seedecf. Introduced 

 from Europe and common in cultivation.* 



