DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 187 



the corolla, the filaments enlarged and hairy below. Capsule 

 ovoid, 3-celled, many-seeded. 



1. P. reptans, L. JACOB'S LADDER, BLUE VALERIAN, BLUE- 

 BELL. Stems smooth, branched, and leaning over, 6-12 in. high. 

 Leaflets usually 7 or 9, about an inch long. Corolla blue, about 

 3 times as long as the calyx. Capsule 3-seeded, borne on a short 

 stalk in the persistent calyx. Damp, open woods, sometimes culti- 

 vated. 



84. HYDROPHYLLACEJE. WATERLEAF FAMILY. 



Herbs, usually hairy. Leaves commonly alternate and 

 alternate-lobed. Flowers with their parts in fives, in appear- 

 ance not unlike those of the following family, in one-sided 

 cymes, which are coiled up at first. Calyx free from the 

 ovary, usually with appendages at the notches. Corolla often 

 with scales or nectar-bearing folds inside. Stamens borne by 

 the corolla-tube. Style 2-cleft, or styles 2. Ovary entire and 

 usually 1-celled. Fruit a capsule, 2-valved, 4-many-seeded. 



I. HYDROPHYLLUM, Tourn. 



Coarse perennials. Leaves large, petioled. Flowers white 

 or pale blue, inconspicuous. Calyx 5-parted, sometimes ap- 

 pendaged at the notches. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft, with 

 5 double, nectar-bearing folds inside. Stamens projecting, the 

 filaments bearded. Style projecting; ovary covered with 

 bristly hairs, the placentae very broad and fleshy, enclosing 

 the ovules. Capsule globular, 1-4-seeded. 



1. H. macrophyllum, Nutt. A coarse, rough-hairy plant, about 

 1 ft. high, from scaly-toothed rootstocks. Leaves oblong, pinnate and 

 pinnately cut, the divisions mucronate, obtuse, coarsely toothed. 

 Flower-cluster dense, globular, long-peduncled. Flowers about in. 

 long. Calyx little or not at all appendaged, its lobes broad at the 

 base, but with slender, tapering points. Corolla white. Rich, rocky 

 woods W. and S. 



2. H. virginicum, L. Nearly smooth, 1-2 ft. high, stem often fork- 

 ing at the base. Leaves of the stem mostly near the top, pinnately 

 cut into 5-7 divisions ; lobes oval-lanceolate, deeply serrate, the lowest 



