DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 189 



I. HELIOTROPIUM, Tourn. 



Herbs or low shrubs. Leaves petioled. Flowers white, 

 blue, or lilac, in one-sided, curved spikes. Calyx 5-parted. 

 Corolla salver-shaped, the throat open. Anthers almost ses- 

 sile. Style short ; stigma conical or knobbed. Fruit sepa- 

 rating into 2 or 4 nutlets. 



1. H. peruvianum, L. COMMON HELIOTROPE. Somewhat shrubby, 

 much branched. Leaves lance-ovate or somewhat oblong, veined 

 and much wrinkled, short-petioled. Flowers numerous, in a cluster 

 of terminal spikes, bluish-purple or lavender, very sweet-scented, the 

 odor not unlike that of vanilla. Cultivated from Peru. 



II. CYNOGLOSSUM, Tourn. 



Coarse, rough-hairy or silky biennials. Flowers small, 

 bluish-purple or white, in forked and usually bractless cymes. 

 Calyx 5-parted. Corolla funnel-shaped, the mouth closed by 

 prominent scales, its lobes obtuse. Stamens not projecting. 

 Styles stiff, persistent. Nutlets 4, covered with hooked or 

 barbed bristles, attached to a thickened, conical receptacle. 



1. C. officinale, L. HOUND'S-TONGUE, SHEEP-LICE, DOG-BUR, 

 STICK-TIGHTS. Stem 1-2 ft. high, soft-downy, panicled above. 

 Root-leaves 8-10 in. long, long-petioled, oblong or oblong-lanceo- 

 late; stem-leaves sessile, linear-oblong or lanceolate, rounded or 

 heart-shaped at the base. Corolla in. in diameter, reddish-purple. 

 Nutlets % i n - l n g> with a thickened border. Whole plant with a 

 strong smell like that of mice. A troublesome weed, along roadsides 

 and in pastures, introduced from Europe. 



2. C. virginicum, L. WILD COMFREY. Perennial. Stem stout, 

 simple, erect, leafless above, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves oval or oblong, 

 the upper clasping by a heart-shaped base. Racemes bractless. 

 Flowers pale blue, on" short pedicels, which are recurved in fruit. 

 Nutlets not margined, separating and falling away at maturity. On 

 dry soil. 



III. ECHINOSPERMUM, Lehm. 



Annual or biennial herbs, grayish, with rough hairs. 

 Flowers small, blue or whitish, racemed or spiked. Corolla 

 salver-shaped, its throat closed with 5 concave scales. Nutlets 



