DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 215 



widely branched, 2-4 ft. long. Leaves 6-8 in a whorl, oblanceolate, 

 prickly-hairy on the margins and midrib. Peduncles axillary, 

 longer than the leaves, 1-3-flowered ; flowers white. Fruiting pedi- 

 cels erect ; fruit dry, covered with hooked bristles. In waste 

 places.* 



2. G. circsezans, Michx. WILD LICORICE. Perennial; stems 

 several, erect, smooth or downy, 12-18 in. high. Leaves 4 in a 

 whorl, oval to ovate, obtuse at the apex, strongly 3-nerved, downy. 

 Cymes long-peduncled, repeatedly branched. Flowers nearly sessile, 

 greenish-purple; pedicels at length recurved. Fruit with hooked 

 bristles. In dry, open woods S. Easily recognized by the sweet, 

 licorice-like taste of the leaves.* 



3. G. hispidulum, Michx. BEDSTRAW. Perennial, from yellow 

 roots; stems diffusely branched, smooth or slightly roughened, 

 downy at the joints, erect or decumbent, 1-2 ft. long. Leaves 4 in 

 a whorl, narrowly oval, acute, rough on the margins and mid- vein. 

 Peduncles 1-3-flowered ; flowers white. Pedicels becoming reflexed ; 

 fruit a bluish-black, roughened berry. On dry, sandy soil.* 



4. G. triflorum, Michx. Perennial ; steins reclining or prostrate, 

 angles rough-bristly. Leaves mostly in sixes, lance-oblong, mucro- 

 nate. Flowers usually in threes, on slender peduncles. Woodlands, 

 especially N". 



96. CAPRIFOLIACE^. HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 



Mostly shrubs. Leaves opposite, without true stipules. 

 Flowers often irregular. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary. 

 Corolla tubular or wheel-shaped. Stamens usually as many 

 as the corolla-lobes and inserted on the corolla-tube. Fruit a 

 berry, stone-fruit, or capsule. 



I. SAMBUCUS, Tourn. 



Shrubs with odd-pinnate leaves. Calyx-limb minute or 

 wanting. Flowers very many, small, white, in compound 

 cymes. Corolla with a small, somewhat urn-shaped tube and 

 a flattish, spreading, 5-cleft limb. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3, 

 sessile. Fruit a globular, pulpy stone-fruit, 3-seeded, appear- 

 ing like a berry. 



1. S. canadensis, L. COMMON ELDER. Stems 5-10 ft. high, 

 with a thin cylinder of wood surrounding abundant white pith. 



