234 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



II. LIGULIFLORJE. 

 XH. KRIGIA, Schreber. 



Small, annual or perennial herb. Leaves mostly radical, 

 toothed or lyrate. Heads several-many-flowered; scales of 

 the involucre about 2-rowed, thin. Akenes short, truncate. 

 Pappus in 2 rows, the outer one of thin, blunt, chaffy scales, 

 the inner one of slender bristles. Corollas yellow. 



1. K. virginica, Willd. Annual ; scapes usually 2-5 from one 

 root, slender. Leaves mostly lyrate, smooth and with a bloom, the 

 earlier ones rounded or spatulate. Scales of the involucre linear- 

 lanceolate, nearly equal, spreading. Akenes top-shaped, reddish- 

 brown, crowned with 5 wedge-obovate scales and 5 rough white 

 bristles. 



2. K. Dandelion, Nutt. Perennial, from slender tuber-bearing 

 roots. Scapes leafless, 6-18 in. high. Leaves entire or nearly so, 

 varying from spatulate-oblong to linear-lanceolate. Akenes more 

 slender than in No. 1. Pappus consisting of 10-15 small, oblong, 

 chaffy scales and 15-20 bristles. In moist ground, especially S. 



3. K. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Stem 12-18 in. high, often 2-3 from 

 the same root, mostly 2-forked or 3-forked at the summit. Root- 

 leaves 3-6 in. long, lanceolate, entire, toothed or rarely pinnately 

 cut, clasping at the base ; stem-leaves 1-3. Akenes and pappus 

 about as in No. 2. Moist banks. 



XIII. CICHORIUM, L. 



Perennial herbs with spreading branches ; juice milky. 

 Leaves radical and alternate, toothed or pinnately cut. Heads 

 axillary ; involucre cylindrical, bracts in 2 rows, the inner 

 row erect, coherent at the base, the outer shorter ; receptacle 

 flattish. Corollas blue, pale pink, or yellow. Upper part of 

 the style and its slender arms hairy. Akenes crowded on the 

 hardened receptacle, firmly covered by the stiff involucre, 

 obovoid or top-shaped, not beaked. Pappus 1 or 2 rows of 

 short scales. 



1. C. Intybus, L. CHICORY, BLUE DANDELION, BLUE SAILORS. 

 Root very long, stout, and fleshy. Stem 1-3 ft. high, angled and 

 grooved ; branches straight and stiff. Root-leaves and lower stem- 

 leaves runcinate ; upper stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, clasping, 



