384 



FRESH-WATER BIOLOGY 



anterior to center. Vitellaria in seven symmetrical groups, marginal in anterior region. 

 Testes symmetrical. Ovary in front, strongly lobed. Coils of uterus irregular, mostly lateral 

 in posterior half of body. Eggs very small. 



Representative American species Collyridum colei Ward. 



The single European species, formerly known as Monostoma 

 faba, was reported for North America as the cause of an 

 epidemic among sparrows at Madison, Wisconsin. The life 

 history is unknown; the supposition that avian insect para- 

 sites act as the intermediate host is extremely improbable. 

 It attacks only young sparrows and infected birds are found 

 only during or just after a wet period (Cole). 



The parasite has been found again in Boston, Mass. These 

 specimens differ clearly from the European form in numerous 

 minor details, such as ovary, yolk glands, dermal spines, etc., 

 and demand recognition as a distinct species under the name 

 given here. 



FIG. 667. Collyridum colei. X 9- Detail of surface. X 105. 

 (Original.) 



45 (38) With elongate tubular testes and vitellaria. 



Family HERONIMIDAE Ward . . 46 



Moderate sized monostomes with thick, elongate, soft body somewhat flattened, tapering 

 both towards pointed anterior and bluntly rounded posterior end. Skin smooth. Oral sucker 

 weak, pharynx large, esophagus short, ceca simple, extending to but not united at posterior 

 end. Vitellaria compact, tubular, shaped like inverted V. Uterus in four longitudinal re- 

 gions. Genital pore ventral to oral sucker near anterior tip. Testes tubular, lobed or with 

 short branches, united into V-shaped organ with apex anteriad. Copulatory apparatus poorly 

 developed. 



Lungs of reptiles. Northern North America. 



Two genera imperfectly known which may prove to belong in a single genus. 



46 (47) Vitellaria extend only half way from ovary, to posterior end. 



Seminal receptacle present . . . Heronimus MacCallum 1902. 



Oral sucker small, pharynx large, no esophagus, simple intestinal 

 crura which reach the posterior end but do not unite. Ovary oval 

 or bean-shaped, lateral in anterior third of body; receptaculum 

 present but no Laurer's canal. Uterine loops intracecal; terminal 

 section of uterus sacculate. Vitellaria small, elongate, not follicular, 

 tubular (?). Genital pore ventral to oral sucker. Testes Y-shaped 

 with coarse lobes, in median third of body, with median stem 

 directed anteriad. 



Only species known. 



Heronimus chelydrae MacCallum 1902. 



In lungs and air passages of river snapping turtle (Chelydra ser- 

 pentina), Ontario, Canada. 



FIG. 668. Heronimus chelydrae. From above, combined with dorsal view 

 showing male genital apparatus. (Excretory vesicle not shown.) Magnified. 

 (After MacCallum.) 



