532 



FRESH-WATER BIOLOGY 



62 (61, 63) Tail of male with 4 pairs of postanal papillae. 



Ascaris ardeae Smith 1908. 



Female up to 80 mm. long and 1.8 mm. broad. 

 Head rounded with 3 prominent lips and well-marked 

 interlabia. Superior lip with finely denticulate anterior 

 and lateral borders. Tail acutely conical, vulva 30 mm. 

 from head. Ova 0.105 to o.n mm. by 0.096 too. i mm.; 

 shell colorless marked by thick-set pits. 



Male 72 mm. by 1.5 mm. Spicules double, equal, 

 brownish, i .3 mm. long. Tail incurved, bluntly rounded 

 with small acutely conical tip. Papillae: 2 pairs on 

 conical tip also 2 pairs postanal and 5 pairs or more 

 preanal. 



In Ardea herodias. 



Much like A . serpentulus Rudolphi reported by Leidy 

 from same host. Probably Leidy's record concerns this 

 species. The true A . serpentulus was collected by A. 

 J. Smith from a European crane in the Philadelphia 

 Zoological Gardens. 



FIG. 826. Ascaris ardeae. Lateral view 

 of anterior end, showing two of the lips 

 (partly in profile) and two of the interlabia. 

 Ventral surface of male tail. (Note the 

 second pair of papillae from tip of tail as 

 uncertain.) Magnified. (After A. J. Smith.) 



63 (6 1, 62) Tail of male with 3 pairs of postanal papillae. 



Ascaris microcephala Rudolphi 1819. 



Male 15 to 45 mm., female 45 to 70 mm. long. Body greatly 

 attenuated anteriorly. Lips quadrangular, with anterior margin 

 concave and angles projecting. Interlabia as long as lips. Cer- 

 vical papillae in dorsal and ventral lines. Tail of male obliquely 

 truncated; papillae small, 3 postanal and 31 preanal. Ova 7 2 by 

 59 M- 



In crop, esophagus, stomach and intestine of various herons, 

 and bittern. Florida to Canada. 



FIG. 827. Ascaris microcephala. Dorsal view of head. Magnified. 

 (After von Linstow.) 



64 (60) Without serrate labial plates 65 



65(66) With interlabia. . . ''. . . . . .... Ascaris helicina Molin 1860. 



Male 6 to 8 by o.i to 0.2 mm.; female 13 to 28 by 0.3 

 to i mm. Three interlabia. Lips almost quadrangular 

 with auricles on anterior corners. Tail of male with 5 

 postanal and 4 large lateral preanal papillae. Vulva an- 

 terior, or almost in center of body. 



In stomach of Alligator mississippienis. 



FIG. 828. Ascaris helicina. Dorsal lip, inner aspect. X 55. 

 Tail of male. X 85. (After von Drasche.) 



66 (65) Neither interlabia nor dental plates in oral armature. 



Ascaris mucronata Schrank 1790. 



Length 52 mm., breadth 0.75 mm. Body much attenuated anteriorly. Lateral membrane 

 broad on head, disappears on neck. Greatest breadth of upper lip twice its length; base 

 broader than anterior margin; lateral margins divided into anterior straight and posterior 

 arcuate portion. Tail of male with 2 rows of preanal papillae on each side. 



From Alligator mississippiensis. Listed by Stiles and Hassall in Leidy Collection. 



67 (57) Lips distinct, not large. Male with ventral sucker near anus. 



Family HETERAKIDAE Railliet and Henry 1914. 



None known from aquatic hosts. Likely to be confused with Cucullanus (cf. page 530) which 

 has a preanal sucker without horny ring. There are in North America numerous species of 

 this genus. 



