132 AFES AND MONKEYS. 



The doguera baboon {P. doyaera) is a closely allied species or variety, also 

 found in Abyssinia. It is of a more olive colour than the sacred baboon. Dr. 

 Anderson describes a male preserved in the Museum at Calcutta as being of a 

 luiiform yellowish-olive colour on the -vvliiskei-s and all over the lx)dy, above and 

 below, except on the hands and feet, which are uearl}- black. The coai-se hair on 

 the fore-pai-t of the body is about 6 inches in length, and is ashy -grey in colour 

 for the first 2 inches, while the remainder is banded with nine rings of orange 

 and black. 



The Ch.\cma Baboon (Pajno porcarius). 



The species last noticed is an inhabitant of the countries bordering on the Red 

 Sea littoral and the Upper Nile valley, but to reach the habitat of the chacma, 

 or pig-tailed baboon, we have to travel to tin; southern extremity of the African 

 continent. The name Chacma, it may be observed, is a somewhat euphonised 

 rendering of the word T'chackamma, by wliich the Hottentots of South Africa 

 designate this animal. 



Like all the remaining representatives of the long-tailed baboons, the chacma 

 diftei-s from the Arabian baboon by the absence of the mane on the neck and 

 shoulders of the males. We have, indeed, in this respect a gradual descending series 

 from the gelada baboon, in which both sexes are maned, through the Arabian 

 baboon, in which only the males are so ornamented, to the chacma, in which both 

 males and females are maneless. In size the chacma is one of the largest of the 

 group, and it has been compared in this respect, as well as in its bodily strength, 

 with an English mastirt'. 



The general colour of tliis animal is grejdsh-black ; but there is often a 

 kinil of greenish reflection in the fur when seen in certain lights. The head, as 

 well as the hands and feet, are deep black ; while the small whiskers on the sides 

 of the face, which do not conceal the eai-s, are grejnsh. All the hair of the body is 

 comparatively long ami shaggy : while that on tlie nape of the neck, more especially 

 in old males, forms a slender crest. The roots of tlie haii-s are dun-coloured, but 

 their extremities are ringed. The tail differe from that of the Ai-abian baboon by 

 the absence of any thstinct tuft at the end. The muzzle is perhaps even more 

 prolonged than in the last-named species : but the nose is similarly extended beyond 

 the upper Up. The naked callosities on the buttocks are smaller than is generally 

 the case among the baboons. The naked pari of the face is of a pui-plish hue, with 

 the exception of a white ring round each eye, and the whole of the upper eyelids, 

 which are likewise white. In the latt«r point, curiously enough, tliis species 

 resembles the African mangabey monkeys already described. Like the other 

 membei-s of this group of baboons, the chacma cariies its tail at fii-st curved some- 

 what upwai'ds, and then hanging sti-aight down. 



The chacma, like its cousin the Arabian baboon, is essentially a dweller in 

 mountainous districts, and is found in all the mountain-ranges of the Cape district, 

 such as the Snieuberg and the Drachenfels. How far it extends to the northward 

 we liave not been able to ascertain, since, as we have already had occasion to 

 mention, travellei-s and sportsmen are, as a nile, very reticent on the subject of 

 monkeys and their kindred. 



