l82 



APES AND MONKEYS. 



yellowish, while the loius, the outer surface of the thighs, and the tip of the tail 

 are reddish cliestnut : the face, hands, and feet being completely black. 



i:ADED CAKABI. 



The Howling Monkeys. 

 Genus Mycetes. 



The liowling monkej''s, or howlei's, derive their name from their vociferous 

 cries, which are sufficient in the living condition to distinguish tliem from all the 

 other American monkeys. To produce this extraordinary noise — of M'hich more 

 anon — there is a peculiar hollow shell of bone joining on to the upper pai-t of the 

 windpipe, corresponding to the so-called hyoid bone of man, which is a very small 

 and solid structure. The resonance of the voice within tliis cavity communicates 

 to the crj^ its peculiar intensity. In order to provide space for this bony sliell 

 the sides of the lower jaw-bone are extremely deep, and by this character, as well 

 as by the extreme flatness of the part containing the brain, the peculiar skull may 

 alwaj's be recognised. A front view of the head of a liowler is given in the wood- 

 cut on the next page, to illustrate the fonn of the nostrils in the American monkeys. 



The liowlers differ from the two preceding groups, and agree with the spider- 

 monkej's and their allies, in liaving prehensile tails, in which the under surface of 

 the extremity is naked. In addition to the presence of the large bonj- .swelling 

 at the top of the windpipe, they uiay be at once distinguished from all other 

 prehensile-tailed monkeys by the extreme obliquity of the plane of the face and 



