CONTENTS xi 



Page 



CRUSTACEANS (CRUSTACEA) AS PARASITES Parasitic Fork-footed Crustaceans 



(Copepoda) Fish-" Lice" (Argulus, Achtheres, Lern&d) - - - - 196 



Parasitic Barnacles (Cirripedid) Sacculina .._.-. 197 



SEGMENTED WORMS (ANNELIDA) AS PARASITES Parasitic Bristle-Worms (Chcs- 



topodd) Myzostoma, Branchiobdella 199 



Parasitic Leeches (Discophord) Fish-Leeches (Piscicold) - 200 



FLUKES (TREMATODA) AS PARASITES Fish-Flukes (Octobothrhium), Udonella, 



Frog-Fluke (Polystomum\ Diplozoon, Distomum macrostomum ... 200 



TAPE-WORMS (CESTODA) AS PARASITES Archigetes, Common Tape-Worm 



(Tania solium\ Armed Tape-Worm (Tetrarhynchus) and Formation of Pearls 203 



THREAD-WORMS (NEMATHELMIA) AS PARASITES Thorn-headed Worms (Echino- 



rhynchidce) 205 



ANIMALCULES (PROTOZOA) AS PARASITES Gregarines (Sporozod) Cockroach 



Gregarine (Clepsidrina blattaruni) --------- 206 



UTILITARIAN ZOOLOGY 



CHAPTER LXVI I. ANIMAL FRIENDS ANIMALS AS A 

 SOURCE OF FOOD DOMESTICATED MAMMALS 



Evolution of Human Civilization. Food of Savages 208 



WILD ANIMALS AS A SOURCE OF FOOD 



MAMMALS (MAMMALIA) Spiny Ant-Eater (Echidna] and Duck-Bill (Ornitho- 

 rhynchus}. Pouched Mammals (Marsupialid) Kangaroo. Hoofed Mammals 

 (Ungulatd). Elephants (Proboscided}. Gnawing Mammals (Rodentid) Hares 

 and Rabbits. Flesh-Eaters (Carnivord) Jaguar (Felts oncd), Lion (F. leo), 

 Seals (Phocidce). Sea-Cows (Sirenid) Manatees (Manatus) and Dugongs 

 (Halicore). Whales, &c. (Cetaced) 211 



BIRDS (AVES) Plovers' Eggs, Edible Birds' Nests 214 



REPTILES (REPTILIA) Turtles (Chelonta)Green Turtle (Chelone mydas}. Lizards 

 (Lacertilid) Iguanas (IguanidcE), Water-Lizards (Varanidce}. Crocodiles, &c. 

 (Crocodilid). Snakes (Ophidid) 214 



AMPHIBIANS (AMPHIBIA) Edible Frog (Rana esculentd) 214 



FISHES (PISCES) ' 214 



MOLLUSCS (MOLLUSCA) Head-footed Molluscs (Cephalopoda) Cuttle -Fishes, 

 Squids, and Octopods. Snails and Slugs (Gastropoda} Periwinkle (Littorind}^ 

 Whelk (Buccinum\ Limpet (Patella), Ormer or Sea-Ear (Haliotis\ Sea- Hare 

 (Aplysid), Land-Snails (Helix). Bivalves (Lamellibranchid] Oyster (Ostrea\ 

 Cockle (Cardium), Mussel (Mytilus), American Clams (My a, Mactra, Venus), 

 Razor-Shells (Solen\ Piddocks (Pholas\ Date-Shells (Lithodomus\ Ark-Shells 

 (Area). Primitive Molluscs (Amphineurd) Mail-Shells (Chiton} - - - 214 



INSECTS (INSECTA) Honey of Bees (Apis, &c.). Locusts, Ants, Termites, Cicadas, 



Manna of Scale-Insects (Coccidce), Kungu Cake 215 



