CONTENTS ix 



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PERSONAL ENEMIES AMONG ZOOPHYTES (CCELENTERATA) Jelly-Fishes, &c. - 344 

 PERSONAL ENEMIES AMONG ANIMALCULES (PROTOZOA) Malaria Parasites, &c. 344 



CHAPTER LXXL ANIMAL FOES FORMS INJURIOUS TO 

 HUMAN INDUSTRIES 



Enormous Number of Animal Pests. Necessity for Scientific Research - 345 



INJURIOUS MAMMALS (MAMMALIA) Carnivores that attack Domesticated Ani- 

 mals. Browsing and Gnawing Mammals destructive to Plants: Deer, Goats, 

 Rats, Mice, Voles, Hares, Rabbits. Destruction of Grain, &c., and Dissemina- 

 tion of Disease-Germs by Rats, Mice, &c. 345 



INJURIOUS BIRDS (AVES) Birds of Prey. Raven (Corvus corax], Kea Parrot 



(Nestor notabilis], Woodpeckers, Crows, Rooks, Sparrows .--'_. 347 



INJURIOUS REPTILES (REPTILIA) Crocodiles, Alligators, Poisonous Snakes - 348 

 INJURIOUS FISHES (PISCES) Pike (Esox lucius\ Skates and Rays - - - 348 



INJURIOUS MOLLUSCS (MOLLUSCA) Octopus. Common Whelk (Buccinum un- 

 datum\ Dog- Whelk (Nassa reticosd), Purple-Shell (Purpura lapillus\ Land- 

 Snails, Land-Slugs. Ship-Worm (Teredo navalis), Edible Mussel (Mytilus 

 edulis) - - 348 



INJURIOUS INSECTS (INSECTA) Forms injurious to Stock: Flies (Diptera), Ox- 

 Warble Flies (Hypodermis boms and H. lineatus), Tsetse Fly (Glossina 

 morsitans) ............. 348 



Forms injurious to cultivated Plants, Food, Clothing, &c. Bugs (Hemi- 

 ptera): Aphides or Green Flies (Aphidce), Corn Aphis (Aphis cerealis], Oat 

 Aphis (A. avence), Bean Aphis (A.fab<z\ Cabbage Aphis (A. brassier), Turnip 

 Aphis (A. rapce), Hop Aphis (A. humuli), Cherry Aphis (A. cerasi), Plum Aphis 

 (A.pruni), Vine Aphis (Phylloxera devastatrix). Scale Insects or Mealy Bugs 

 (Coccidce\ Apple Scale (Mytilaspis pomoruin), Woolly Currant Scale (Pulvin- 

 aria ribesice), Gooseberry and Currant Scale (Lecanium ribis) - 350 



Fringe- Winged Insects (Thysanopterd). Flies (Diptera}: Crane -Flies 

 (Tipula), Hessian Fly (Cecidomyia destructor), Wheat- Midge (C. tritici), Frit- 

 Fly (Oscinis frit], Blow-Fl.y (Musca vomitoria), Cheese-Fly (Piophilus caset) - 351 



Moths and Butter/lies (Lepidopterd) Whites (Pieridtz), Cabbage Butterfly 

 (Pieris brassicce), Small White (P. rapce), Green- veined White (P. napi)\ Owlet- 

 Moths (Noctuidce) and "Surface Caterpillars", Turnip Moth (Agrotis segetum\ 

 Heart-and-Dart Moth (A. exclamationis\ Great Yellow Underwing (Triphcena 

 pronubd): Silver-Y Moth (Plusia gamma), Cabbage Moth (Mamestra brassicce], 

 Pea Moth (Grapholitha nebritana}, Grass Moth (Charceas graminis), Diamond- 

 Back Moth (Plutella cruciferarum] : Codlin Moth (Carpocapsapomonella), Goat 

 Moth (Cossus ligniperda), Nun (Psilura monachd), Gipsy Moth (Ocneria dispar): 

 Corn Moth or Corn Wolf ( Tinea granelld) : Wax Moth (Galleria mellonelld) - 351 



Beetles (Coleoptera)-. Click-Beetles (Elateridce) and "Wire- Worms": Turnip 

 Flea-Beetles (Haltica nemorum and H. undulata) or Turnip-" Flies": Cockchafer 

 (Melolonthavulgaris): Colorado Tte&t(Chrysomeladecemlineata)\ Seed- Beetles 

 (Britchidce), Pea-Beetle (Bruchus pisi), Bean-Beetle (B. fabce): Weevils (Cur- 

 culionidce), Pea- Weevil (Sitones lineatus), Apple-blossom Weevil (Anthonomus 

 pomoruni), Corn- Weevil (Calandria granarid)-. Bacon-Beetles (DermestidcE), 

 Anthrenus fasciatus, Bacon -Beetle (Dermestes lardarius}: Greater Death- 

 Watches, &c. (Ptinidce\ Biscuit-" Weevil" (Anobium paniceuni), Greater 

 Death-Watches (A. striatum and A. tessellatuni) 354 



