INDEX 



539 



Neck, i 35- 



-ligament, ii 165, 167. 



vertebrae, i 26-27, 66; iii 83-84. 

 Necrophorus, iii 396-398. 



Germanica, ii 109, i 10. 



vespillo, ii 109, no. 



Nectogale elegans, ii 35; iii 71. 

 Nekton, iv 435, 448. [450. 



Nemachilus barbatulus, i 283 ; ii 

 Nemathelmia. See Thread-Worms. 

 Nematodes, ii 222. 

 Nematus ribesii, iv 356. 



Nemertea. See Nemertines. 



Nemertines, i 304, 305-307; ii 93, 



391, 444; iii 24, 419; iv 10, ii, 439, 



Nemesia, i 392- [452-453- 



Nemobius sylvestris, i 383- 

 Neo-Lamarckism, iv 491. 

 Neomenia, i 341. 

 Neomylodon, ii 327; iv 474. 

 Neotropical Region, iv 413, 414, 

 428-434. [iii 382-383. 



Nepa cinerea, i 354; ii 108, 124, 440; 

 Nepenthes, iv 70-71. 

 Nephridia (sing, nephridium), i 



401. See also Excretory organs. 



Nephrops norvegicus, i 412. 

 Nepidse, ii 440-441; Hi 382-383. 



Nereis, i 425-429 ; ii 146-147 ; iii 97- 

 98; iv 12, 44. 



Nerita polita, iv 323. 

 Neritic Zone, iv 435-441. 

 Nerve-cells, i 51 (illust.), 471; iv 6- 



7, 9, 14, 17, 22-23. 



Nerve-Centre, iv 9. See also Gan- 

 glia, &c. 



Nerve-COrd (see also Nervous Sys- 

 tem), of invertebrates (higher), i 

 303-3 4, 306-307, 349, 400, 401, 407, 

 409, 428; iv 7-8, 9 (illust.), 10, ii- 

 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. 



of vertebrates (primitive), i 293, 296- 

 297. [27. 



Nerve-fibres, i 51-52 ; iv 6, 8, 9, 14, 



Nerve-lOOp (see also Nervous Sys- 

 tem), of molluscs, i 310, 318, 320, 324, 

 325, 328; iv 17-18, 19. 



Nerve-plate, iv 20 (illust.). 



Nerve-ring (see also Nervous Sys- 

 tem), of invertebrates (higher), i 303- 

 304, 306-307, 310, 328, 333, 349, 407, 

 409, 427, 428, 440, 443, 444, 448; iv 

 7, 8, ii, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19. 



Nerves, i 50. 



auditory, i 56. 



cranial, i 52-53, 55- 



olfactory, i 55-56 (illust.). 



optic, i 58. 



sensory, i 53. 



spinal, i 51. 



Nerve-tissue, iii 10. See also Ner- 

 vous System. 



Nervous System, i 18, 49-53; iv i- 



amphibians, iv 21. [5, 19-20. 



annelids, i 428; iv 7-10, 34. 



arachnids, iv 15. 



birds, i 149-150; iv 22. 



crustaceans, i 407, 409; iv 12-14. 



development of, in vertebrate em- 

 bryo, iv 20. 



echinoderms, i 454, 458. 



evolution of, iv 6. 



fishes, i 263, 270, 272; iv 21. 



flat-worms, i 442, 444, 446. 



insects, i 347, 349; iv 15-16. 



invertebrates, higher, i 303-304. 



lamp-shells, i 440. 



Nervous System (Cont.} 



mammals, i 49-53; iv 19-23. 



molluscs, i 309, 310, 332; iv 16-19, 



moss-polypes, i 438. t34~35- 



myriapods, i 395; iv 14-15. 



nemertines, i 306-307. 



peripatus, i 400, 401; iv 14, 15. 



reptiles, i 200, 202, 209. 



sympathetic, i 50, 53; iv 19-20. 



thread-worms, i 448. 



primitive, i 293, 294, 295, 296-297, 



vertebrates, i 63. [298, 301. 



visceral, iv 10, 14, 16, 17. 



wheel-animalcules, i 435. 

 zoophytes, iv 5-7. 



Nestor meridionalis, ii 191. 



notabilis, i 166; ii 190, 191; iv 347. 



Nests and Nesting Habits (see 



also Dwellings): 



amphibians, iii 437-438, 439, 442. 



arachnids, i 393; iii 374~377- 



birds, i 163, 179, 188, 189, 190; iii 

 449, 450, 451-452, 453-464, 466, 468, 

 469, 472; iv 59-61, 130-132, 186, 187- 

 188, 405-407. 



fishes, iii 427-430; iv 157. 



insects, i 373, 374, 379; ii 208-209; 

 iii 390-39 1 , 39 2 > 393. 394~39 6 : iv 53~ 

 54, 109-110, iu-112, 115, 116, 117, 

 120, 126, 252-253, 254-255. 



mammals, iii 478, 480, 483, 484, 493. 



molluscs, iii 408. 



myriapods, iii 372. 



reptiles, i 209; iii 444-446, 447, 448. 

 Net-Fishing, iv 262. 



Nettling organs, i 467, 471, 474; ii 



306, 309, 357, 361 ; iv 103, 104. 



Neurons, iv 6, 7, 8, 9, 20, 23 (illust.). 

 Neuroptera, i 351, 374-380; ii no- 



116, 156, 157-158, 160, 161, 162, 211, 

 213, 462-467; iii 30, 383-386; iv 120- 



Newman, Edward, iii 396. [126. 



Newt, common, iii 46. 



crested, i 246 (illust.); iii 46, 47; iv 



small, i 246. [152 (illust.). 



Spanish, ii 334. 



webbed, i 246; iii 46. 



NewtS, i 245-246; ii 83, 457; iii 46, 

 117-119, 120-121, 332, 434, 435. 



"Fish", i 247-248; and see Sala- 

 manders. 



Newton, Alfred, iv 61, 246, 249, 309, 



387, 389, 406. 

 Newton, Sir Isaac, i 3. 

 Nichomache, ii 339. [74. 



Nictitating membrane, i 192; iii 



Night-hawk. See Night-jar. 



Nightingale, i 160; iv i 49 . 



Night-jar, i 163; ii 56-57 (illust.); iii 

 453- [(illust.), 454. 



Night -light animalcule, iv 453 

 Nitrogen, i 33, 44; iv 65-68. 



Noctiluca, i 489, 495 (illust.); iii 6; 



iv 453, 454- 



Noctuidse. See Moths, owlet. 

 NodOsaria, i 489 (illust.); iii 6. 



scalaris, iv 454. 



Nopal, iv 260. 



Nose, of mammals, i 34, 55, 81; and 

 see Smell. 



Nose-leaf, of bats, i 82-83. 



Nostrils, amphibians, ii 423. 



birds, i 182-183; i" 62. 



fishes, i 258, 265; ii 422-423. 



mammals, i 46, 72, 76, 100; ii 430. 



reptiles, i 205, 216; ii 424-425; iii 

 NotarchUS, iii 107 (illust.). [208. 



Nothura maculosa, ii 343. 

 Notidanus griseus, i 287. 

 Notochord, i 61, 292-293, 295, 298, 



301; iii 38-39, 40, 214, 216, 344. 



Notonecta, i 354-355; iii 29. 



glauca, ii 124. 



Notonectidse, ii 440. [Hi 206-207. 

 Notoryctes typhlops, ii 43, 329; 

 Nototrema, iii 442. 



Nuchal, i 214. [187. 



Nucifraga caryocatactes, i 154; ii 

 Nucleus (pi. Nuclei), i 39, 469, 490, 



49', 493, 494, 49&, 498; iii 317, 318, 

 319, 320, 323-325, 338; iv 493. 

 NUGUla, i 338; iii 108. 



Nudibranchia, i 324, 326; ii 100, 



306-307, 382; iii 36. 



arquatus, i 169; ii 67. 



pha^opus, i 169. [iv 249-250. 



Numida meleagris, i 172; ii 239; 

 Nummulina, i 496. 

 Nurse Hound, i 286. 

 Nut-cracker, i 154; ii 187. 



Nut-hatches, i 157; ii 187; iii 264, 



454- 

 Nutrition, i 32. See Food. 



Nyctea Scandiaca, i 165; ii 279. 



Nycteribia, iv 190. 



Nycticebus tardigradus, ii 319, 



320; Hi 241, 242. 



Nycticorax griseus, i 179. [320. 

 Nyctipithecus trivirgatus, ii 319, 

 Nymphalidse, iii 400. 

 Nymphs, bugs, iii 381. 



insects, net-winged, ii 464-465, 466; 

 iii 30, 384-385; iv 121, 122, 123. 



straight-winged, iii 378. 



O 



Oak, iv 79, 81-82. 



"Oak-apples", iv 79. 

 "Oak spangles", 5372. 

 Obelia, i 478-480. 



Occipital bone, i 28. 



condyles. See Condyles. 



Ocellus (pi. Ocelli), i 376. 

 Ocelot, iv 429. 



Ocneria dispar, iv 353, 359. 

 Octactinia, i 474, 476-478; iv 102. 



OctObOthrium merlangi, iv 200. 



pollachii, iv 200, 201 (illust.). 

 OctOCOralla, i 476-478. See also 



Sea-Flower, eight-rayed. 



Octodon degus, i 132 (illust A 

 Octodons, i 131-132. [419- 



Octopoda, i 315-316; Hi 31-33, 418- 



OctOpUS, common, i 315; ii 94; iii 31- 



32, 109-110 (illust.), 418. 

 - musky, ii 94. 



vulgaris. See Octopus, common. 

 Octopi, i 315; iv 18-19, 56-57, 348; 



and see Octopus. 

 Ocypoda arenaria, ii 141. 



ceratophthalmus, ii 140-141; iii 171. 



macrocera, iv 37. 



Ocypodidse, ii 140; iii 171. 

 Ocypus olens, i 368. 

 Odonata, ii 464-465; iii 383-385. 

 OdontOCeti, ii 26. See also Whales, 

 toothed. 



Odontoid peg, i 194. 



Odontophore. See Rasping organ. 

 Odynerus parietum, i 374. 



reniformis, iii 392 j illust.). 



OZcodoma, ii 208-209. 



