540 



INDEX 



(Ecophylla smaragdina, iv 115- 

 (Edemia fusca, i 177. [n6. 



nigra, i 177. 



(Edicnemus scolopax, i 169; Hi 471. 



(Estridse, iv 191. 



(Estrus ovis, i 358; iv 191. 



Ogle, iv 91. 



Oil-Birds, ii 188. [454. 



Oil-gland, of birds, i 140; iii 56-57, 



Okapi, ii 170-171 (illust); iii 191. 



Okapia Johnston!. See Okapi. 

 "Old-man's beard", i 372. 



Olfactory cells, i 55-56; iv 31-32 



nerves, i 55-56 (illust.). [(illust.). 

 OligOChseta, i 429, 430-431 ; ii 146 ; 



iii 227, 360-361; iv 199-200. 



Oligoneuria, ii 466. 

 Oliva. See Olive-Shells. 



Olivella biplicata, iv 324. 



Olive-Shells, i 321 (illust.); iii 2 1 8. 

 Olm, i 249 (illust.); ii 457; iii 48. 

 Omasum, ii 169. See also Digestive 

 organs of mammals, herbivorous. 



Ommatidium, iv 43. 



Onager, i 107. 



Oncsea venusta, iv 452 . 



Onchidium, ii 330; iii 414, 415 



(illust.), 435. 



Oniscus murarius, i 415; ii 222. 

 Ontogeny, iii 335. 

 Onuphis conchilega, ii 339. 

 Opelet, i 476. [358-359. 



Operculum, annelids, ii 258, 339; iii 



arachnids, i 386. 



fishes. See Gill-cover. 



king-crab, ii 406. [iii 415-416. 



molluscs, i 319; ii 336 (illust.), 460; 



moss-polypes, ii 339. 



Ophidia, i 203, 227-236. 

 Ophidiaster diplex, iii 329 (illust.). 

 Ophiocephalus, ii 451. 



Ophiuroidea, i 454. See also Brittle- 

 Stars. [34, 35-36. 



Opisthobranchia, i 317, 324-326; 

 Opisthocomus cristatus, iii 472- 



473; iv43i. 



Opisthoteuthis, iii 33 (illust.). 



OpOSSUm, Azara's, iii 480 (illust.). 



common, i 69, 138; iii 260 (illust.). 



mouse, iii 479. 



water, in 70 (illust.). 

 OpOSSUniS, ii 42, 180, 181, 234, 343; 



iii 255, 260, 478. 



Opossum-Shrimps, i 410. 412-413 



(illust.); iii 365; iv 36. 

 OptiC cup, iv 46-47. 



lobes, i 149150, 203; iv 21-22. 



nerves, i 58, 149, 151; iv 47. 



tracts, i 149. 



vesicle, iv 46. 



Opuntia coccinellifera, iv 260. 



Oral hood, i 294. 



Oral papilla, i 399- [160.. 161, 494. 



Orang-utan, i 72 (illust.); ii 349; iii 



Orbits, i 57, 71, 80. 



Orca gladiator, ii 27; iii 85. 



Orchids, iv 74-75, 86-88 (illust.). 



Orcynus thynnus, iv 270, 381. 

 Oreotragus saltator, iv 142. 

 Organic selection, iv 492. 

 Oriental Region, iv 413, 414, 424- 

 Oriole, golden, i 155-156. [426. 



Orioles, i 155-156; ii 309-311 (illust.). 

 Ollolus decipiens, ii 310-311. 



galbula, i 155. 



Ormer, i 307-311 (illust.), 322-323; ii 



393-394= iii 412; iv 35 . 



Ornithopoda, iv 469-470. 

 Ornithoptera, i 362. 

 Ornithorhynchus paradoxus, i 



70; ii 44; iii 69-70, 475, 477-478; iv 

 211, 212, 481-482. 



Orthagoriscus mola, iv 44 8. 

 Orthoptera, i 351, 380-383; ii 116- 



118, 213, 250, 299, 315-316, 327, 359; 

 iii 176-177, 377-38o; iv 356-357. 



leaping, i 380, 381-383. 



running, i 380-381. 



Orthotomus sutorius, iii 459, 460. 

 Orycteropus capensis, i 136, 137; 

 Oryzorictes, ii 33. [ii 42. 



Osborn, iv 492. 

 Oscinis frit, iv 351. 



OsCUlum, i 484, 486; iii 325, 326*342. 

 OsgOOd, Fletcher, iv 353. 



Osmerus eperlanus, i 282; iv 276. 

 Osmia papaveris, iii 391. 

 Osphradium, i 310-311. 

 Osprey, i 175; ii 48; iv 61. 

 Ossicles, i 29. 



auditory, i 57. 



Osteoglossidse, iv 433. 

 Ostracion quadricornis, i 278; ii 



334; iv 340. 



Ostracoda, i 410, 419-420; ii 255 > 



405-406; iii 25, 364. 



Ostracodermata, iv 463 (illust.). 

 Ostrea, iii 409. 



angulata, iv 288. 



edulis, i 338; iii 406; iv 288. 



Virginiana, iii 405; iv 288. 

 Ostrich, African, i 187, 188 (illust.); 



ii 367-368; iii 130, 153, 449; iv 250, 

 251- _ [449- 



American, i 187, 188; iii 130, 153. 

 Ostriches, i 188; ii 354; iii 128-132, 



153, 186; iv 146. 

 Otaria stelleri, i 98. 



ursina, iii 492; iv 304-307. 

 OtaridSB. See Sea- Lions. 

 OtlS australis, iv 150. 



tarda, i 170; ii 241-242; iv 150, 377. 



tetrax, iv 377. 



Otocorys alpestris, i 156. 



OtOCystS, iv 33, 34, 35 (illust.), 36, 

 37, 38. 



Otolicnus, ii 320. 



OtolithS, iv 33, 34, 35, 36. 

 Otter, common, i 98; ii 22; iii 76. 



feline, ii 23. 



sea, ii 23-24; iii 77 ( illust. ). 

 Otters, i 98; ii 22-24; iii 76-77, 492. 



Oval window, i 57. 



Ovary, iii 340 ; and see Eggs and 

 Egg-producing organs. 



Oven-Birds, iii 461 (illust.), 464- 

 Ovibos moschatus, i 115. 

 Ovicells, iv 104. 

 Ovipositor, i 370, 372, 377, 382, 383; 



ii 203, 204 (illust.), 205; iii 379, 380 

 (illust.), 381, 386-387 (illust), 388 

 (illust.); iv 194, 195 (illust.). 

 OvlS argali, iii 186-187, 248. 



aries, ii 168; iv 226-229. 



Canadensis, i 116. 



montana, iii 187. 



musimon, i 116; iv 227. 



tragelaphus, iv 227. 



Ovules, iv 85. 



Ovulum angulosum, iv 323. 



patulum, ii 285. 



uniplicatum, ii 285. 



Ovum (pi. Ova), iii 335-337- See 

 also Egg-cells. 



Owl, barn-, i 165; iv 327-328. 



burrowing, i 166; iv 135. 



fish, i 166. 



great-horned or eagle, i 166. 



hawk, i 166; ii 319 (illust.). 



long-eared, i 165. 



pigmy, i 166. 



short-eared, i 165. 



snowy, i 165; ii 279. 



tawny or wood-, {165. 



Owls, i 152, 165-166; ii 46, 322; iv 

 327-328. 



Ox-bot, i 358. 



Oxen (and see Cattle), i 109, 113-115; 

 ii 167-169, 225, 352; iv 224-225. 



European, i 114; iv 225. 



Hungarian, iv 224 (illust.). 

 Ox-Fly, ii 120. 

 Oxidation, ii 377- 

 Ox-Peckers, ii 62-63 (illust.). 

 Ox- Warble Flies, iv 349 (illust.). 

 Oxyethira costalis, iii 385 (illust.), 



386. [420; iv 65-68, 76. 



Oxygen, i 33, 45: ii 377-380, 382, 383, 

 Oxythyrea funesta, iv 82-83. 

 Oxytricha, iii 88 (illust.). 

 Oxyuris vermicularis, iv 343 . 

 Oyster (and see Oysters) : 



American, iii 405; iv 288. 



common, i 338; iii 406. 



"flat", iv 288. 



pearl-, iv 205, 398 (illust.). 



Portuguese, iv 288. [294. 

 Oysters, i 338; ii 398; Hi 409; iv 288- 



thorny, ii 336; iii 409. 



Oyster-catcher, i 169; ii 67-68. 

 Oyster -culture, i 15; iv 288-294 

 Ozothallia, ii 198. [(illust.). 



Paca, i 133-134- [324- 



Pachydesma crassatelloides, iv 

 Pachyornis elephantopus, iv 475, 



476 (illust.). 



Pacinian bodies, iv 27 (illust.). 



Packard, iii 165. 



Packing cells, i 471- 



Padus humilis, iv 430. [138, 403. 



Pagurus Bernhardus, 1412; ii 137- 



Palsearctic Region, iv 412, 4 i 3 , 4 i 4 - 



Palaempn, iv 35, 36. [418. 



Jamaicensis, ii 137. 



serratus, i 412; ii 137, 292, 403; iii 

 169; iv 298, 299-300. 



Palseodiscus, iv 459. 

 Palaeozoic epoch, iv 457, 458-464. 

 Palingenia horaria, i 375 (illust.). 

 Palinurus vulgaris, i 412 ; ii 137, 



2 79, S3 8 ; Hi 368; iv 37. 



Palisade-Worms, iv 343, 362 ; and 



see Strongyles. 



Pallas, ii 140. [334. 



Pallial line, of bivalve molluscs, i 331, 

 Palm, i 24, 30-31. See also Hand. 



Palm-Cat, ii 226-227 (illust.). [227. 



Palm-CivetS, Asiatic, ii 12-13, 226- 



Palmer Worm, ii 360. 



Palm-Thief. See Crab, robber-. 

 PalOlO viridis, iv 216-217. 



Palolo Worm, iv 216-217. 



Palp, i 346. See also Mouth-parts. 



Paludicella, iii 331 (illust.). 

 Paludina vivipara, i 320; iii 414; 



iv 17-18. 



Palustra, iii 401. 



