554 



INDEX 



Visceral arches, amphibians, i 242. 



embryo vertebrates, i 62 ; ii 381 



fishes, i 260. [(illust.), 421. 

 Visceral Clefts, amphibians, i 242. 



embryo vertebrates, i 62; ii 381-382 

 (illust.), 421. 



primitive vertebrates, i 293. 



fishes, i 260. 



Visceral hump, of molluscs, i 308, 

 309, 312, 313, 316, 318-319, 322-324, 

 325, 327- [259- 



Visceral skeleton, of fishes, i 258- 



VlSOn, ii 22; iii 76; iv 303-304. 



American, iii 76; iv 304. 



European or Russian, iii 76; iv 303. 



Siberian, iii 76. 



Vitreous humour, i 58. [181. 

 Vitrina pellucida, ii 373; iii 180- 



Viverra civetta, i 89; iii 157. 



zibetha, i 89. [227; iii 156-157. 



Viverridse, i 87, 88-91; ii 11-14, 226- 

 Vizcacha, i 133; ii 17-18 (illust.). 

 Vocal chords, i 47. 



Vogt, Carl, ii 27, 32, 229, 230, 321, 350, 



363; iii 85, 150, 160, 196, 249, 331. 

 Voice, organs of, birds, i 147, 149. 



mammals, i 47. 



reptiles, i 202. 



Voice-box, i 47. 

 Vole, bank-, i 129. 



field- (common), i 129; ii 177. 

 (southern), ii 177; iv 486. 



water-, i 128 (illust.}, 129; iii 73. 

 Voles, i 128-129; i" 73, 483: iv 13. 



Volucella pellucens, ii 119. [346. 

 Volutes, i 321. 



VolVOX, i 489, 494-495 (illust.); ii 274; 

 iii 6, 334-335 (illust.). 



Von Baer, in. 



Vorticella, i 489, 493-494; ii 266, 418; 



iii 2, 5, 6, 8-9, 319-320, 321, 323, 325. 



Vosseler, ii 255. 

 Vultur monachus, i 175- 



Vulture, black, i 175. 



eagle-, ii 303. 



Riippel's, i 175 (illust.). 

 Vultures, i 152, 173-175; ii 69; iv 328. 



American, i 175. 



w 



Wagtail, blue-headed, i 157. 



grey, i 157; iii 125 (illust), 457 

 (illust.), 458. 



pied or water, i 157; ii 65. 



white, i 157. 



yellow, i 157; ii 66 (illust.). 

 Wagtails, i 156-157; ii 65-66; iii 185. 



Waldheimia, i 438-439 (illust.). 



Wallace, i 7, ii; ii 40, 189, 284, 309, 

 311, 312, 346, 349; iii 282, 287, 294, 

 494; iv 132, 140, 143, 160, 212, 346, 

 409, 410, 412, 417, 419, 422, 426, 433, 



478, 494. 



"Wallace's line", iv 424, 426. 



Walrus, i 98; ii 24-25, 349; iii 79-80 



(illust.), 492; iv 311-312, 394. 

 Walton, Izaak, iv 364. 

 Wampum, Indian, iv 323-324 (illust.). 



"Wandering cells", iii 3-4. See 

 also Cells. 



Wanderoo, i 74-75 (illust.). 



Wapiti, i in. 



Warbler, blackcap, i 160 (illust.). 



Dartford, i 160. 



fan-tail, iii 459-460. 



Warbler (Cont.) 



garden, i 160 (illust.). 



grasshopper, i 160. 



marsh, i 160. 



reed, i 160 ; iii 458. 

 great, iii 458 (illust.). 



sedge, i 160. 



Warblers, i 160 (illust.) ; iv 202. 

 Warde-Fowler, W., ii 65. See also 



Mimicry. 



Warning coloration, i 16; ii 301; 



iv 58-59, 160, 402. 



acorn-headed worms, ii 306. 



amphibians, ii 304-305. 



annelids, ii 308. 



ascidians, ii 306. 



fishes, ii 305-306. 



flat-worms, ii 308. 



insects, ii 307-308, 360; iii 399; iv $g. 



mammals, ii 301-303. 



molluscs, ii 306-307. 



plants, iv 81. 



reptiles, ii 303-304, 3"- 



sponges, ii 309. 



zoophytes, ii 308-309, 361. 

 Warnings, spurious. See Mimicry. 

 Wart-Hog, African, iv 373. 



Wart-Hogs, i 108-109. 



Wasp (and see Wasps) : 



common, i 373; ii 250-251. 



common sand-, i 373. 



fly-storing sand-, i 373. 



mud-, i 374. 



path-, i 373. 



Wasps, i 16, 373-374; ii 206, 250-251, 

 307, 358; iii 3"-3i2 (illust.), iv 29- 

 30 (illust.), 55-56, 59, 1 1 i-i 12 (illust.), 



sand-, i 373. [192, 356. 



solitary, i 374; iii 391-393. 



Waste-products, i 44-46; ii 377 . 

 Waste -removing organs. See 



Breathing organs and Excretory 

 organs. 



Water (H 2 O), i 33; ii 270, 271, 273, 



377-38o, 382-383, 420; iv 65-66, 76. 



Water-Boatmen, i 354-355; ii 124, 



440; iii 29 (illust.). 



Water-Fleas, i 419, 421, 422 (illust.;, 



466-467; ii 256, 405; iii 26 (illust.), 

 362-363 (illust.). 



Water-'guana, iii 53- 

 Water-Hen, iii 61. 



Mortier's, iii 61. 

 Water-Pheasant. See Ja9ana. 

 Water-Scorpions, i 354; ii 124, 44 o- 



441; iii 382-383. 



Water-testing organ, of molluscs, 



i 320, 333: iv 31. 



Water-vascular system, of echino- 



derms, i 452, 457, 458-459, 463; ii 

 412, 414-416; iii 91-92, 95-96, 97. 



Waterton, Charles, i 7; iii 239. 



Watson, Alfred, E. T., iv 364. 



Wax-glands, iv 254 (illust.). 



Weasel, common, i 98; ii 21, 290; iv 



326 (illust.). 

 Weasels, i 97-98 (illust. ) ; ii 20-22 ; 



iii 156; iv 303, 326, 345. 



Weaver-Birds, i 156. 



WebS, of arachnids, i 391, 392; iii 374; 



and see Nests. 

 Weever, greater, ii 357. 



lesser, ii 357. 



Weever-Fish, ii 305-306. 

 Weevil (and see Weevils): 



apple-blossom, iv 354. 



birch-, iii 394-396 (illust.); iv 50. 



Weevil (Cont.) 



biscuit-, iv 355. [(illust.). 



corn-, i 369 (illust.); iv 354-355 



nut-, i 369; ii 2ii (illust.). 



pea-, iv 354. 



rice-, i 369 (illust). 



Weevils, i 369; ii 211, 315, 337; iii 



224, 394-396 : iv 50, 354-355- 



Weismann, iii 319 ; iv 491, 492, 493, 

 Welhaven, J. S., iv 4 o8. [ 494 . 



WelS, i 280 (illust). 

 Whale (and see Whales) : 



fin-back (or Rorqual), ii 29; iii 85. 



Greenland or northern "right", i 

 101 ; ii 29, 30; iii 491; iv 314-315. 



- killer-, ii 26, 27 (illust); iii 85. 



southern "right", iv 315. 



sperm- (or Cachalot), ii 29; iv 316, 

 3i7Jillust), 403. 



white, iii 83 (illust); iv 316-317. 

 Whales (and see Whale), i 61, 99-101; 



ii 26-30; iii 83-86, 490-491; iv 209- 

 210, 314, 317. 



toothed, ii 26-29; i y 3 1 6-3 17. 



toothless, or whalebone, ii 26, 29-30; 

 iv 314-316. 



"Whalebone", i 100, 101 (illust); ii 



30 (illust); iv 314, 315. 



Whale-Louse, 1415 (illust); ii i 43 . 



Wheatear, i 160; iii 185 (illust); iv 



133- 



Wheat-Eelworm, ii 222-223 (illust). 

 Wheel- Animalcules, i 304, 434-435; 



ii 261-263, 4 IQ ; iii 100-101. 



Wheel-organ, i 434, 435; ii 4 io. 



Whelk, common, i 321 (illust); ii 96, 

 97, 394-395; "i 412, 413 (illust); iv 



dog-, iv 348. [348. 



Whewell, i u. 

 Whimbrel, i 169. 

 Whinchat, i 160; iv 133. 

 Whip-poor-Will, ii 58. 

 Whip-Scorpions, i 387, 389 (illust); 



ii 125-126, 443; iii 169 (illust). 

 "Whiskers", of mammals, iv 28. 

 White, Gilbert, i 6 ; iii 380, 466, 467, 



471, 483; iv 319. 

 White-" Ants ". See Termites. 



"Whitebait", iv 264. 



White matter, of spinal cord, i 50-51. 



Whitethroat, i 160 (illust.). 



lesser, i 160 (illust). 

 Whiting, i 279; ii 283; iv 200, 267. 

 Whooper, i 177. 



Whydah Finches, iv 421. 

 Widgeon, i 176; iii 58. 

 Wiedersheim, iii 118. 

 Wildebeest, i n8. 

 Willey, iii no, 214, 418. 

 Willows, iv 89, 92. 

 Wilson, E. B., iv 494. 

 Wilson, Gregg, iii 478. 



Windhover, i 174. 



Windpipe (and see Breathing organ): 



birds, i 147; ii 427. 



mammals, i 46-47 (illust). 

 Wing-COVers, beetles, i 366; ii 315; 



iii 313, 314. 



insects, straight-winged, i 345, 380. 

 Wing-COVertS, of birds, i 143, 178; 

 Wings: [iii 297. 



bats, i 81; iii 292-294. 



birds : 



game, iii 300. 



perching, i 153, 155, 156, 158, 



160, 161; iii 303, 304. 

 picarian, i 163; iii 304. 



