DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 



411 



the following day the anthers shed their spores and complete the 

 flowering. 



In higher types of the poppies we find the flowers becoming 

 irregular and the various parts reduced in numbers. Thus, in 

 the soldier's cap (Fig. 308, D), there are two scale-like sepals, 

 four petals in two pairs, the two outer heart-shaped and spurred 

 at the base, while the two inner are narrow and winged on the 

 back, enclosing the sporophylls. The six stamens are somewhat 

 united and arranged into two groups opposite the spurred petals. 

 The carpel has the same structure as in the bloodroot. It is 

 evident that the nectar concealed in this closed type of flower 

 can only be secured by some long-tongued insect. Find out how 



FIG. 308. Examples of the poppy family, order Papaverales : A, habit 

 of the bloodroot at time of flowering r, rhizome; I, leaf folded about 

 flower stalk. B, leaf unfolded. C, section of flower, showing its hypo- 

 gynous structure with numerous stamens and pistil of two carpels. D, 

 flower of fumitory (Adlumia') s, sepal; p, inflated petals; w, winged 

 petals which conceal the sporophylls. 



