748 



GEOLOGY. 



a palm stem with the leaves, appear in the succeeding cut. Professor Kaup gives the 

 following list of remains of quadrupeds found in miocene strata of sand at Epplesheim, 

 to the south of Mayence, and how preserved in the museum at Darmstadt : 



Dinotherium - 



Tapirs - 



Chalicotherium 



Rhinoceros 



Tetracaulodon - 



Hippotherium - 



Sus - 



Felis 



Machairodus 



Gulo 



Agnotherium - 



2 species - 



2 



2 



2 



1 



1 



3 



4 



1 



1 



1 



Palmacites Lamanonis. Balanus crassus. 



Gigantic herbivorous animals, 15 and 18 feet long. 

 Larger than living species. 

 Allied to the tapir. 



Allied to the mastodon. 



Allied to the horse. 



Hog. 



Large cats, some as large as the lion. 



Allied to the bear Ursus cultridens. 



Glutton. 



Allied to the dog, as large as the lion. 



The most remarkable of these quadrupeds is the Dinotherium, of which the annexed 



view is a restoration, perhaps the largest of 

 all the terrestrial mammalia that ever inha- 

 bited the earth. The teeth, first discovered 

 at Grenoble in France, and afterwards in 

 Bavaria and Austria, led Cuvier to describe 

 it as an extinct colossal tapir ; but the jaws, 

 skull, and other remains, found at Epplesheim, 

 have enabled Professor Kaup to establish 

 an entirely new genus, bearing an affinity to 

 the mastodon and tapir, and apparently 

 adapted to that lacustrine condition of the 

 earth which seems to have been its marked 

 feature during the deposition of the tertiary 

 strata. The animal had a trunk like the ele- 

 phant, with two large tusks at the anterior 

 extremity of the lower jaw, which curved 

 downwards like those of the walrus. Sup- 

 posing it to have been an inhabitant of the 

 land, Dr. Buckland remarks upon the mecha- 

 nical impossibility of a lower jaw nearly four 

 feot long, loaded with heavy tusks at its ex- 

 estoration and Lower Jaw of the Dinotherium. tremity, being otherwise than excessively 



