796 



polar regions, 573; the locust, 573, 574; 

 fossil, list of successive, 638, 639. 



Intermittent springs, 265, 266; diagram 

 of the action of one, 2f>5. 



Internal structure of rocks, illustrated, 

 624. 



Intertropical regions of animals, 589. 



Irhy and Mangles, Captains, 315. 421. 



Ireland, lakes of, 310, 311 ; climate of, 

 41)2 ; has no serpents or toads, 579 ; has 

 no tertiary strata, 739; M-urne, granite 

 mountains of, 649,650; pitehstone of, 

 553 ; north-west geological districts of, 

 659; southern, 668 ; bogs of, 769. 



Ironstone, localities of, 695, 696. 



Irving, Washington, his description of 

 the prairies, 234. 



Ischia, island of, 779. 



Islay, isle of, 661. 



Jaguar, the, or American tiger, 586, 587. 

 589. 



Jameson, Professor, 401. 421. 618, 619. 



Jarrow colliery, fossil lepidodendra found 

 in, 705. 



Java, isle of, 591. 



Jefferson, Mr., 758. 



Jericho, rose of, a remarkable plant, 248. 



Jerome, St., passage in his commentaries, 

 267. 



Jerusalem, temple of, 522. 



Jews, various complexions of the, 600. 



Joannina, description and view of, 323. 



Job, Book of, gives indications of the 

 heavenly bodies, 2. 



Joints of strata, 630. 



Jordan, the river, 300, 301. 315. 



Jornllo mountain in Mexico, description 

 and view of, 239, 240 ; its origin, 426. 

 782. 



Josephus, citations from, 315. 522. 



Judea. rains of, 469, 470, 471 ; hail-storm 

 in, 479 ; dews of, 482. 



Jungfrau, the, or Maiden Mountain, 203. 



Juno, the planet, or asteroid, 91. 



Jupiter, the planet, 93 ; his brightness 

 distance from the sun patli and rate 

 of movement dimensions, 93 ; his 

 density form, 94 ; has no seasons 

 like the terrestrial reasons there- 

 for, 94 ; zones or bands, otherwise 

 belts, of, 94, 95; their supposed use, 95; 

 moons of, four in number, 95 ; eclipses 

 of the, 96 ; one of great use in astro- 

 nomical calculations, 96; the Jovian 

 system a miniature of the solar, 97 ; 

 area and solid contents of, 102; incli- 

 nation of, to the earth, 104 ; density 

 of, 106. 



Jura, district of the, 408 ; section of un- 

 dulated strata of the, 630. 



limestone, the, 718. 761 ; oolitic sys- 

 tem of the, 724. 



, isle of, 661. 



Jussieu, M., 551, 552. 



Kaaterskill Falls, description and view of 



Kadre, a savage of Ulea, his enforced 



voyage, 610. 



Kalofaro, the ancient Charybdis, 368. 

 Kamenis, volcanic isles of the, 374. 

 Kamtschatka, 588. 

 Kaiulal Steig lake, view of, 310. 

 Kangaroo, the, 591.594. 

 Kauf, Professor, 714. 743. 



Keith, Mr., on the dissemination of plants, 

 565 . 



Relic-way rock, the, 72f5. 



Kentish ragstone, 730 ; chalk, 731. 



Kepplerf John, is invited to Prague bv 

 rycho Bralie, 26; his birth, education 

 and discoveries, 27, 28 ; his three great 

 laws, 28 ; becomes a zealous Coperni- 

 can, and was the harbinger of Newton 

 28 ; his observations on the comet of 

 604, and others, 28 ; falls into distress 

 in his latter years, 28 ; his death, 29 

 was the discoverer of the. general laws 

 of the universe, 33 ; surmised those of 

 gravitation, 38 ; also the existence of 

 other planets, 46 ; was a constant 

 watcher ol the stars. 158 ; his familiar 

 refutation of the Epicurean a fhK 

 S ; H l$ . gr *J lh j c a*unt of a ne* star 

 168 ; divined the irue cause of tides, 



INDEX. 



Kerguelen's Land, flora of, 563 ; is desert. 



596. 



Keswick, rainfalls at, 469. 473. 

 K('tturin loch, view of, 309. 

 Khamsin wind, 447. 

 Killarney, lakes of, 310. 

 Killicrankie, 659. 

 Killingworth coal mines, 502. 

 Kimmeridge clay, the, 726, 727. 

 Kinderscotit, eminence of, 694. 

 Kingsclere, valley of. illustrated, 650. 

 Kirby, Rev. Mr., 543. 



- and Spence's Entomology, 745, 746. 

 Kirkdale Cavern, fossil bones found in, 



251, 252 ; view of opening to, 252. 

 Kirkcuduright, illustration of rocks at, 



655. 



Knight, Mr. T. A., 678. 

 Kofenstein's account of fossils, 635. 

 Konig, Mr., 721. 

 Konigsberg in Norway, huge mass of sil- 



ver found at, 634. 

 Koran, mentions the stars as used in na- 



vigation, 144. 

 Kupper scheifer, or copper state of Thu- 



ringia, 713. 



Labiata?, botanical region of the, 560. 



Laborde, Count A., 712. 



LacepSde, 575. 578. 



Lacustrine deposits, 775, 776. 



Ladoga, Lake, 318. 



Lagoons, what they are, 308 ; common in 

 coral isles, 384. 



Lakes, chapter on, 308325 ; their 

 characteristics, and origin, 308, 309 ; 

 those of primary regions, 109, 110 ; of 

 secondary regions, 310; of Britain, 

 310, 311 ; of Ireland, 311 ; of Europe, 

 &c., 311, 312; lakes without affluents 

 or outlets, those with outlets and 

 affluents, and those with affluents, but 

 without outlets, 312-317 ; those with 

 both affluents and outlets, how formed, 

 317; characteristics of various, 318; 

 floating islands in, 318-320. 593 ; fluc- 

 tuations and changes in, 320, 321 ; the 

 American, 321, 322 ; depth of various, 

 322 ; periodical, 322, 323 ; decrease in 

 323, 324 ; of Wales, 324, 325. 



Lalande, M., anecdote of, 1% ; his cata- 

 logue of the stars, 158. 



Lamartine, M. de, 559. 



Lambert, his lofty speculations regard- 

 ing the universe, 182. 



Lamarck, iVf ., 750. 



Laminar structure of rocks, 624 ; forma. 

 tions, hypothesis of, 658. 



Lammermuir hills, the, 662. 



Lancaster Sound, 450. 



Land Jchanges, interior, chapter on, 407 

 435 ; in mountainous regions, 407 , 

 in sandy regions, 421 423; in active 

 volcanic districts, 423; in inactive vol- 

 canic regions ; after earthquakes, 431 ; 

 concluding reflections on, 434, 435. 



- slips, and mountain slips, their 

 causes, 408 ; of Mount Carnans, 408 ; 

 of the Rosenberg, 410; of Mont Conto, 

 410; of les Diablerets, 411 ; of Mont 

 Grenier, 411 ; in the Alleghanies, 420 

 421 ; at Seminaria, 433 ; view of a 

 613; of Mantz hill and Kynaston| 



Landes of Bordeaux, 237, 238. 402. 



Languedoc, extinct volcanoes of, 417. 



Laplace, M., 3 ; solved the problem left 

 by Newton and Keppler, 34 ; eulogises 

 Flamstead, 37 ; his estimate of New- 

 ton s Principia, 38; and of Bradley's 

 merits, 42 ; his opinions of temporary 

 stars, 169; happy illustration of, 188, 



, 



Lapland, swarms of insects in, 574 white 



bear of, 588. 

 Latham Mr. W., his account of some 



o ma /oo al)le atl ospheric phenomena, 

 Oo7, Oo8. 



L iS t cHm aL:, C 458 ntry mUCh determi es 



LaU f (1 fv!'' v, r Thomas D 'ck, his account 

 of the Morayshire floods. 416-420 ; of 

 tilen rtoy, 777. 



Lauren, hi'll of, (540. 



Laurentine chapel. Florence, 650 



Lava, streams of, 42H. -134. 



Lavas, recent and ancient, have the 



columnar form, 626, 627. 

 Lavoisier. M. de, 130. 501. 

 Lawrence, Mr., his hypothesis of races, 

 609. 



Lawrence, river St., islands of the, 280 ; 

 rapids of the, 284 ; elevation of the 

 waters of the, 292 ; their phosphores- 

 cence, 333, 334. 



Lay well, near Torbay, 268. 



Lead, where found, 634 ; black, or plum- 

 bago, is a carburet of iron, 624. 



Lebanon, cedars of, with an illustration, 

 559, 5fiO. 



Leave?, fossil, 631. 



Leeuwenhoeck, 577. 



Lehman, his classification of rocks, 637. 

 640. 



Leibnitz, first classified rocks, 635. 



Lemur, 591 



Lepidodendrae, view of fossil, 705 



Leschenault, M., 563, 564. 



Leslie, Sir John, observations of, 463. 

 468. 473. 478. 507. 5C9. 514, 515. 



Lessan, M., 991. 



" Letters from the Baltic," cited, 506. 



Leucous or albinous varieties of human- 

 kind, 599. 



Level of the sea, height of lakes above 

 the, 317. 



Lewis, curved strata in the isle of, 627. 



Lias, oolitic group of, 718 ; of Whitby 

 and Lyme Regis, 720. 724. 



Libra, or constellation of the Balance, 

 151. 



Library, Alexandrian, the, 8, 11 ; de- 

 struction of, 17. 



Librations of the moon, 80. 



Lichens, 551. 563. 



Light, action of, 50 ; zodiacal, 62 ; stel- 

 lar, tremulous omission or twinkling 

 of accounted for, 145, 146 j its relative 

 intensity, 146 ; its transmission through 

 space, 35. 



Lightning, 516 ; electrical origin of, 



Lignite, 738, 739. 



Lima, city of, its inhabitants character- 

 ized, 410 ; where corn grains first 

 taken lo, 567. 



Lime, carbonate of, 623, 624 ; depth of 

 strata, where found, 634. 



Limestone, mountains of, 614 ; in Arca- 

 dia ; 616; mountain limestone used in 

 building the new houses of parliament, 

 620 ; intermingling of, with granite, 

 631 ; human skeleton found in, 636 ; 

 strata, 654- 



Lincolnshire, peat mosses of, 770. 



Lindley, Dr., 548 ; his experiments, 706. 



Link, M., 714. 



Linnaeus, observations of, 551, 552, 557. 

 564, 565,566. 590, 691. 593. 595. 598. 

 773. 



Lion, the, 589, 590. 



Lisbon, earthquake of, 431 ; its remote 

 influence, 431. 



Lituitis cornuarietus, illustration of the, 

 671. 



Liverpool, prevailing winds at, 450. 



Lizard class, animals of the, 579 ; leth- 

 argy they are occasionally subject to, 

 580 ; general tribes of, 592. 



Llama, the, 589, 594. 



Llampeter, fossil remains at ( 66(3. 



Llandeilo rocks, 669, ft al. 



Llanos of South America, account of 

 the, 230, 231.576.580, 587. 



Loch Dee granite, 649. 



Earn, 659. 



Katterin, 659. 



' Leven, view of, 524. 



Lomond, 320. 542. 



Sunart, 658. 



Tay, 659. 



Locke, Professor, 672. 



Locomotive powers of birds, 582, 583. 



Locust, particulars of, and its ravages, 

 573, 574; serve as food in the East, 

 597. 



Logan-stone, the celebrated, 648, 



Loire, desc nt of the river, 281 . 



Lombard, , plains of, 553. 



Lomonosov, a Russian poet, his verses 

 on the northern lights, 524. 



London, annual rain-frills at, 470. 473 ; 

 anemometer of, 459 ; climate of, l!>2 ; 



